Samad Anaya Abdul, Qureshi Safwat Irshad, Rathore Ayesha Mukhtar, Ahmed Azhan, Rasool Warda, Noori Samim, Qayyum Sardar Noman, Kakar Muhammad Talha
Department of Medicine, Bolan Medical College, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Department of Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2025 Jul 24;5(7):e0004964. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004964. eCollection 2025.
To determine the frequency of consanguinity among individuals with diabetes in Pakistan and to investigate the effect of consanguinity on the occurrence of diabetes at different familial levels, we also aimed to report public perceptions on the matter. This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2023 and January 2024, targeting individuals with diabetes across Pakistan. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, which included questions on participants' demographics, family history, diabetes diagnosis, and awareness levels. Participants were classified based on their diabetes type. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were used to determine frequencies, and chi-square tests were applied to assess associations. Of the 404 participants, 52% reported having consanguineous parents, with 22.3% being first cousins. Type 2 diabetes was the most prevalent (70.5%), followed by Type 1 (26.5%) and gestational diabetes (3%). A strong family history of diabetes was reported by 80.4% of participants, with 41.1% having diabetic siblings. Around 64.8% demonstrated general knowledge about diabetes, and 63.1% agreed that consanguinity increases the risk of diabetes. The study reveals a high frequency of consanguineous parental relationships among individuals with diabetes in Pakistan. Public health interventions, including genetic counseling and awareness campaigns, are essential to address the risks associated with consanguineous marriages and reduce the diabetes burden in Pakistan.
为了确定巴基斯坦糖尿病患者中的近亲结婚频率，并调查近亲结婚在不同家族层面上对糖尿病发病的影响，我们还旨在报告公众对此事的看法。这项横断面研究于2023年8月至2024年1月进行，目标是巴基斯坦各地的糖尿病患者。通过在线问卷收集数据，问卷包括参与者的人口统计学、家族史、糖尿病诊断和知晓水平等问题。参与者根据糖尿病类型进行分类。使用SPSS对数据进行分析。描述性统计用于确定频率，卡方检验用于评估关联性。在404名参与者中，52%报告其父母为近亲，其中22.3%为一级表亲。2型糖尿病最为普遍（70.5%），其次是1型糖尿病（26.5%）和妊娠期糖尿病（3%）。80.4%的参与者报告有糖尿病家族史，41.1%有患糖尿病的兄弟姐妹。约64.8%表现出对糖尿病的一般了解，63.1%同意近亲结婚会增加患糖尿病的风险。该研究揭示了巴基斯坦糖尿病患者中近亲父母关系的高频率。包括遗传咨询和宣传活动在内的公共卫生干预措施对于应对近亲结婚相关风险和减轻巴基斯坦的糖尿病负担至关重要。
