Chulenbayeva Laura, Jarmukhanov Zharkyn, Kaliyekova Karlygash, Kozhakhmetov Samat, Kushugulova Almagul
Laboratory of Microbiome, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
Biomolecules. 2025 Jul 15;15(7):1017. doi: 10.3390/biom15071017.
Reduced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) impair the gut barrier and immune function, promoting inflammation and highlighting microbiome-targeted therapies' therapeutic potential. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to study the changes in SCFAs in IBD and their potential role in the occurrence and development of IBD.
The analysis employed a random-effects model to assess the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval. A literature search was conducted in databases from 2014 to 20 July 2024 to identify studies investigating SCFAs in IBD.
Subgroup analyses revealed a significant reduction in fecal SCFA levels-specifically butyrate, acetate, and propionate-in all IBD subgroups compared to healthy controls. Active IBD showed a greater decrease in butyrate ( = 0.004), and UC showed a notable reduction in propionate ( = 0.03). When comparing UC and CD, differences were observed mainly in propionate (SMD = -0.76, = 0.00001). Dietary interventions in IBD patients led to increased SCFA levels, with butyrate showing the most improvement (SMD = 1.03), suggesting the potential therapeutic value of dietary modulation.
In conclusion, this meta-analysis demonstrates a significant reduction in fecal SCFA levels in patients with IBD, particularly during active phases of the disease and most markedly in CD.
炎症性肠病（IBD）中短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）减少会损害肠道屏障和免疫功能，促进炎症反应，凸显了以微生物群为靶点的疗法的治疗潜力。本荟萃分析的目的是研究IBD中SCFAs的变化及其在IBD发生发展中的潜在作用。
该分析采用随机效应模型评估标准化平均差（SMD）及其95%置信区间。在2014年至2024年7月20日的数据库中进行文献检索，以识别研究IBD中SCFAs的研究。
亚组分析显示，与健康对照相比，所有IBD亚组的粪便SCFA水平，特别是丁酸盐、乙酸盐和丙酸盐，均显著降低。活动期IBD的丁酸盐下降幅度更大（P = 0.004），而溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的丙酸盐显著降低（P = 0.03）。比较UC和克罗恩病（CD）时，主要在丙酸盐方面观察到差异（SMD = -0.76，P = 0.00001）。IBD患者的饮食干预导致SCFA水平升高，其中丁酸盐改善最为明显（SMD = 1.03），表明饮食调节具有潜在的治疗价值。
总之，本荟萃分析表明IBD患者粪便SCFA水平显著降低，尤其是在疾病活动期，在CD中最为明显。
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