Avelar Bruna Aparecida, Santos Anabele Pires, Vieira Renata Adrielle Lima, Mendonça Raquel De Deus, Menezes Mariana Carvalho de
School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil.
Health Sciences Center, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Jul 15;22(7):1109. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22071109.
Food environments can determine food choices, acting as barriers to or promoters of healthy eating. It is necessary to investigate individuals' perceptions of those barriers and promoters of healthy eating in the food environment.
This is a qualitative and quantitative study involving patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension. In the quantitative approach, a validated questionnaire for the Brazilian population, the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey, was used. For the qualitative approach, a talking map was applied in a focus group with guiding questions. Quantitative data were analyzed through simple relative frequency, and qualitative data through reports; subsequently, both were grouped into perceived barriers and facilitators.
Participants found high access to ultra-processed foods, strongly influenced by advertising in commercial establishments, as a barrier, as well as barriers related to changes in commensality habits and transformations in food systems. As promoting factors, access to fruits and vegetables was highlighted as favoring healthier food choices. The qualitative findings emphasized the importance of home gardens and foods sourced from family farming.
This study found that individuals perceive high access to ultra-processed foods in their food environment, both in financial terms and availability, while reporting low access to fresh foods.
食物环境能够决定食物选择，对健康饮食起到阻碍或促进作用。有必要调查个体对食物环境中那些健康饮食的阻碍因素和促进因素的认知。
这是一项涉及被诊断为动脉高血压患者的定性和定量研究。在定量研究方法中，使用了一份针对巴西人群的经过验证的问卷，即《感知营养环境测量调查》。在定性研究方法中，在一个焦点小组中应用了带有引导性问题的谈话地图。定量数据通过简单相对频率进行分析，定性数据通过报告进行分析；随后，两者都被归类为感知到的障碍和促进因素。
参与者发现超加工食品的高可得性是一个障碍，这受到商业场所广告的强烈影响，同时还存在与共餐习惯变化和食物系统转变相关的障碍。作为促进因素，水果和蔬菜的可得性被强调有利于做出更健康的食物选择。定性研究结果强调了家庭菜园和来自家庭农场的食物的重要性。
本研究发现，个体认为在其食物环境中超加工食品在经济和可得性方面都很容易获取，而报告称新鲜食品的可得性较低。
