Di Francesco Angela Maria, Pasciuto Giuliana, Verrecchia Elena, Sicignano Ludovico Luca, Gerardino Laura, Rigante Donato, Manna Raffaele
Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Complex Pneumology Operational Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 11;26(14):6652. doi: 10.3390/ijms26146652.
() is a commensal bacterium of the skin microbiota that can transform itself into a pathogen depending on the peculiar susceptibility of the host: it is the sole microorganism so far to be found in the specific organ lesions of sarcoidosis, and -induced activation of T-helper-type-1 cell responses is generally higher in patients with sarcoidosis than in healthy subjects. This bacterium acts as an opportunistic agent in several inflammatory conditions other than sarcoidosis, such as prostate cancer and prosthetic joint infections. Both innate and adaptive immunity systems are involved in the pathogenesis of -mediated sarcoid lesions, and a seminal role is played by host toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4, TLR-6, NOD-like receptors, and mononuclear cell cytoplasmic receptors. This review summarizes current knowledge on the potential cause-effect relationship existing between and sarcoidosis, addressing issues of future research directions and novel therapeutic strategies in the management of a complex disease such as sarcoidosis.
（）是皮肤微生物群的一种共生细菌，它可根据宿主的特殊易感性转变为病原体：它是迄今为止在结节病的特定器官病变中发现的唯一微生物，并且结节病患者中由其诱导的辅助性T1型细胞反应的激活通常高于健康受试者。除结节病外，这种细菌在其他几种炎症性疾病中作为机会性病原体起作用，如前列腺癌和人工关节感染。先天性和适应性免疫系统均参与了由其介导的结节病病变的发病机制，宿主Toll样受体（TLR）-2、TLR-4、TLR-6、NOD样受体和单核细胞胞质受体发挥了关键作用。本综述总结了目前关于其与结节病之间潜在因果关系的知识，探讨了在管理如结节病这样的复杂疾病方面未来的研究方向和新治疗策略的问题。
