Romanowicz Aleksandra, Komisarek Oskar, Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska Anna, Antosik Paulina, Naglik Kacper, Czech Joanna, Wrzesiński Witold, Kodzik Marta, Bodnar Magdalena, Grzanka Dariusz, Burduk Paweł
Department of Otolaryngology, Laryngological Oncology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jul 9;14(14):4870. doi: 10.3390/jcm14144870.
: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignancy with unsatisfactory survival rates, highlighting the need for reliable biomarkers to improve its diagnosis and prognosis. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a protein implicated in various cancers, has not been thoroughly investigated in LSCC. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of GDF15 expression in LSCC by integrating immunohistochemical analysis of archival tissue samples with RNA sequencing data from public databases (TCGA and GEO) to provide comprehensive clinical insights. : We analyzed archival tissue samples from 65 patients with LSCC using immunohistochemistry and evaluated GDF15 expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the correlation between GDF15 expression, clinicopathological variables, and survival outcomes. : GDF15 expression did not significantly differ between tumor and adjacent normal tissues. However, in the tissue macroarray (TMA) cohort, high GDF15 expression was significantly associated with a lower TNM stage and less advanced pT status. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high GDF15 expression correlated with reduced overall survival in the TMA cohort, suggesting its utility in risk stratification. Multivariate analysis identified GDF15 as an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival in LSCC. : Our findings suggest that GDF15 may serve as a prognostic biomarker for LSCC, particularly in early-stage disease. Elevated GDF15 levels, which are associated with poorer overall survival, could be integrated into diagnostic panels to enhance risk stratification and inform treatment decisions. Furthermore, GDF15 may be a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Further research is warranted to validate these results and explore their potential in clinical practice.
喉鳞状细胞癌（LSCC）是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，生存率不尽人意，这凸显了需要可靠的生物标志物来改善其诊断和预后。生长分化因子15（GDF15）是一种与多种癌症相关的蛋白质，在LSCC中尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在通过将存档组织样本的免疫组织化学分析与来自公共数据库（TCGA和GEO）的RNA测序数据相结合，评估GDF15表达在LSCC中的意义，以提供全面的临床见解。我们使用免疫组织化学分析了65例LSCC患者的存档组织样本，并评估了来自癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）和基因表达综合数据库（GEO）数据集的GDF15表达谱。统计分析包括Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox比例风险回归，以评估GDF15表达、临床病理变量和生存结果之间的相关性。GDF15在肿瘤组织和相邻正常组织之间的表达没有显著差异。然而，在组织芯片（TMA）队列中，高GDF15表达与较低的TNM分期和较早期的pT状态显著相关。Kaplan-Meier分析显示，在TMA队列中，高GDF15表达与总生存期缩短相关，表明其在风险分层中的作用。多变量分析确定GDF15是LSCC无病生存期的独立预后因素。我们的研究结果表明，GDF15可能作为LSCC的预后生物标志物，特别是在早期疾病中。与较差的总生存期相关的GDF15水平升高，可以纳入诊断指标中以加强风险分层并为治疗决策提供依据。此外，GDF15可能是治疗干预的一个有前景的靶点。有必要进行进一步的研究来验证这些结果，并探索它们在临床实践中的潜力。
