Issilbayeva Argul, Kozhakhmetov Samat, Jarmukhanov Zharkyn, Vinogradova Elizaveta, Mukhanbetzhanov Nurislam, Meiramova Assel, Rib Yelena, Ivanova-Razumova Tatyana, Myrzakhmetova Gulzhan, Andossova Saltanat, Zeinoldina Ayazhan, Kuantkhan Malika, Ainabekova Bayan, Bekbossynova Makhabbat, Kushugulova Almagul
National Laboratory Astana, Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Department of Internal Medicine with the Courses of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pulmonology, NpJSC Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jul 17;14(14):5097. doi: 10.3390/jcm14145097.
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of global mortality, with the gut microbiome emerging as a critical factor. This study aimed to characterize gut microbiome composition and metabolic pathways in individuals with low cardiovascular risk (LCR) compared to healthy controls to reveal insights into early disease shifts. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing on fecal samples from 25 LCR individuals and 25 matched healthy controls. Participants underwent a comprehensive cardiovascular evaluation. Taxonomic classification used MetaPhlAn 4, and functional profiling employed HUMAnN 3. Despite similar alpha diversity, significant differences in bacterial community structure were observed between groups (PERMANOVA, < 0.05). The LCR group showed enrichment of ( = 0.035), negatively correlating with atherogenic markers, including ApoB (r = -0.3, = 0.025). Conversely, positively correlated with ApoB (r = 0.4, = 0.006). Metabolic pathway analysis revealed upregulation of nucleotide biosynthesis, glycolysis, and sugar degradation pathways in the LCR group, suggesting altered metabolic activity. We identified distinct gut microbiome signatures in LCR individuals that may represent early alterations associated with cardiovascular disease development. The opposing correlations between and with lipid parameters highlight their potential roles in cardiometabolic health. These findings suggest gut microbiome signatures may serve as indicators of early metabolic dysregulation preceding clinically significant cardiovascular disease.
心血管疾病仍然是全球死亡的主要原因，肠道微生物群已成为一个关键因素。本研究旨在描述心血管疾病低风险（LCR）个体与健康对照相比的肠道微生物群组成和代谢途径，以揭示疾病早期变化的相关见解。我们对25名LCR个体和25名匹配的健康对照的粪便样本进行了鸟枪法宏基因组测序。参与者接受了全面的心血管评估。分类学分类使用MetaPhlAn 4，功能分析采用HUMAnN 3。尽管α多样性相似，但两组之间观察到细菌群落结构存在显著差异（PERMANOVA，<0.05）。LCR组显示（=0.035）富集，与包括载脂蛋白B（r=-0.3，=0.025）在内的致动脉粥样硬化标志物呈负相关。相反，与载脂蛋白B呈正相关（r=0.4，=0.006）。代谢途径分析显示LCR组中核苷酸生物合成、糖酵解和糖降解途径上调，表明代谢活性发生改变。我们在LCR个体中鉴定出不同的肠道微生物群特征，这些特征可能代表与心血管疾病发展相关的早期改变。与脂质参数之间的相反相关性突出了它们在心脏代谢健康中的潜在作用。这些发现表明，肠道微生物群特征可能作为临床显著心血管疾病之前早期代谢失调的指标。
