Skrzypiec Ewelina, Skarżyńska Magdalena, Zając Magdalena, Kwit Renata, Lalak Anna, Śmiałowska-Węglińska Aleksandra, Mikos-Wojewoda Emilia, Pasim Paulina, Koza Weronika, Wojdat Dominika, Bona Inga, Pastuszka Dominika, Hudzik-Pałosz Sylwia, Wasyl Dariusz
Department of Bacteriology and Bacterial Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
Pathogens. 2025 Jul 18;14(7):712. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14070712.
(1) Background: Understanding the distribution of serovars in food, animals, and their environments is crucial for identifying infection sources and monitoring pathogen prevalence in the food chain. This study analysed serovars in Poland from 2016 to 2020, focusing on their epidemiological significance. (2) Methods: Isolation of was carried out following PN-EN ISO 6579 standards, and serotyping was performed using the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme. A total of 7104 isolates were collected from food-producing animals, their environments, food of animal origin, feedingstuffs, and fertilisers. (3) Results: A total of 175 serovars were identified, with . Enteritidis ( = 2905; 40.9%), . Infantis ( = 1167; 16.4%), and . Typhimurium ( = 360; 5.1%) being the most prevalent. Species-specific patterns were observed: . Enteritidis dominated in chickens, ducks, and cattle; . Kentucky in turkeys; . Typhimurium in geese; and monophasic . Typhimurium in pigs. . Enteritidis and . Infantis were most frequent in food of animal origin, especially broiler meat. In feedingstuffs, . Agona was predominant, while fertilisers mostly contained . Derby and . Infantis. (4) Conclusions: The study highlights the source-dependent variety of serovars and the importance of serotyping in tracing infection routes and preventing the spread of pathogens. Identifying the most common serovars supports the development of targeted preventive measures, including improved biosecurity, hygiene, and management practices to enhance food safety.
(1) 背景：了解血清型在食品、动物及其环境中的分布对于识别感染源和监测食物链中病原体的流行情况至关重要。本研究分析了2016年至2020年波兰的血清型，重点关注其流行病学意义。(2) 方法：按照PN-EN ISO 6579标准进行分离，并使用怀特-考夫曼-勒米诺分型方案进行血清分型。共从产食动物、其环境、动物源性食品、饲料和肥料中收集了7104株分离株。(3) 结果：共鉴定出175种血清型，其中肠炎沙门氏菌（n = 2905；40.9%）、婴儿沙门氏菌（n = 1167；16.4%）和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（n = 360；5.1%）最为常见。观察到了物种特异性模式：肠炎沙门氏菌在鸡、鸭和牛中占主导；肯塔基沙门氏菌在火鸡中占主导；鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在鹅中占主导；单相鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在猪中占主导。肠炎沙门氏菌和婴儿沙门氏菌在动物源性食品中最为常见，尤其是鸡肉。在饲料中，阿哥纳沙门氏菌占主导，而肥料中大多含有德比沙门氏菌和婴儿沙门氏菌。(4) 结论：该研究强调了血清型因来源而异的多样性以及血清分型在追踪感染途径和预防病原体传播方面的重要性。识别最常见的血清型有助于制定有针对性的预防措施，包括改善生物安全、卫生和管理措施以提高食品安全。
