Deng Jie, Qin Chenyuan, Liu Min, Liu Jue
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Jul 14;13(7):752. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13070752.
: Influenza is a significant global respiratory infection, and vaccinating reproductive-age women, particularly in densely populated countries like China, cannot be overlooked. In this study, we aimed to determine influenza vaccination coverage, vaccine hesitancy, as well as associated factors among Chinese women aged 18-49 years old. : A cross-sectional survey among women aged 18-49 years was conducted in China from 15 to 30 March 2023. We collected information such as past-year influenza vaccination, demographic characteristics, health-related factors, COVID-19-related factors, and perceived susceptibility and severity of influenza. Influenza vaccine acceptance among participants who did not receive influenza vaccination in the past year was also investigated. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the influencing factors of vaccine coverage and vaccine hesitancy. : A total of 1742 reproductive-aged women were included in the final analysis. The past-year influenza vaccine coverage among women aged 18-49 years old was only 39.32% in China. Age ≥ 35 years (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56-0.94), renting accommodation (aOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.44-0.75), and history of COVID-19 infection (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.89) and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (aOR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.29-0.54) were all identified as negative correlates of influenza vaccine coverage among Chinese reproductive-aged women, while participants with a history of chronic diseases (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.23-2.01) and noticeable pandemic fatigue due to COVID-19 (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.05-2.00) were prone to have higher vaccination rates. Among reproductive-aged women who did not receive influenza vaccination in the past year, the hesitancy rate regarding future influenza vaccination was 31.79%. Factors such as older age, urban residence, living with others, poor self-rated health status, absence of chronic diseases, completion of full COVID-19 vaccination, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, pandemic fatigue, and failure to perceive the susceptibility and severity of influenza might increase influenza vaccine hesitancy. : Overall, a lower coverage rate of influenza vaccine was notably observed among Chinese reproductive-age women, as well as the hesitancy regarding future vaccination. To effectively mitigate the impact of influenza and reduce the incidence of associated diseases, it is imperative to devise targeted intervention strategies and policies tailored to reproductive-age women.
流感是一种严重的全球呼吸道感染疾病，对育龄妇女进行疫苗接种不容忽视，尤其是在中国这样人口密集的国家。在本研究中，我们旨在确定中国18至49岁女性的流感疫苗接种率、疫苗犹豫情况及其相关因素。
2023年3月15日至30日在中国对18至49岁的女性进行了一项横断面调查。我们收集了诸如过去一年的流感疫苗接种情况、人口统计学特征、健康相关因素、新冠病毒相关因素以及对流感易感性和严重性的认知等信息。还调查了过去一年未接种流感疫苗的参与者对流感疫苗的接受情况。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来研究疫苗接种率和疫苗犹豫的影响因素。
最终分析纳入了1742名育龄妇女。中国18至49岁女性过去一年的流感疫苗接种率仅为39.32%。年龄≥35岁（调整后比值比[aOR]=0.72，95%置信区间[CI]：0.56 - 0.94）、租房居住（aOR = 0.57，95% CI：0.44 - 0.75）、新冠病毒感染史（aOR = 0.65，95% CI：0.47 - 0.89）以及对新冠病毒疫苗的犹豫态度（aOR = 0.39，95% CI：0.29 - 0.54）均被确定为中国育龄妇女流感疫苗接种率的负相关因素，而有慢性病病史的参与者（aOR = 1.57，95% CI：1.23 - 2.01）以及因新冠病毒导致明显的大流行疲劳感的参与者（aOR = 1.45，95% CI：1.05 - 2.00）更容易有较高的接种率。在过去一年未接种流感疫苗的育龄妇女中，未来接种流感疫苗的犹豫率为31.79%。年龄较大、居住在城市、与他人同住、自我健康评分差、无慢性病、完成新冠病毒全程接种、对新冠病毒疫苗犹豫、大流行疲劳感以及未认识到流感的易感性和严重性等因素可能会增加对流感疫苗的犹豫。
总体而言，中国育龄妇女的流感疫苗接种率较低，且对未来接种存在犹豫。为有效减轻流感的影响并降低相关疾病的发病率，必须制定针对育龄妇女的有针对性的干预策略和政策。
