Samal Debasish, Nayak Rashmi Ranjan, Rout Usha Kiran, Kerketta Sushmita, Bhattacharya Debdutta, Kshatri Jaya Singh, Kerketta Anna Salomi, Pati Sanghamitra, Turuk Jyotirmayee
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
Dept. of Public Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
Indian J Med Microbiol. 2025 Jul 29;57:100944. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100944.
In December 2023, a cholera outbreak was detected from Rourkela district, Odisha, prompted an investigation using field epidemiology methods and further research of the isolates from cases. The outbreak, likely was triggered by piped water contamination following unseasonal rainfall.
A laboratory-based descriptive study, focused on the microbiological and molecular detection and characterization of 34 cases of acute diarrheal disease. Samples collected for bacteriological and molecular tests were investigated at ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar.
Vibrio cholerae in 35 % and diarrhoeagenic E. coli in 23.5 % of samples, highlighting these as the primary pathogens. The causative agent was identified as V. cholerae El Tor strain (7PET) detected for the first time in the area. Antibiotic resistance was seen for ampicillin, tetracycline, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol with notable complete resistance to ciprofloxacin. This resistance was attributed to the presence of mobile genetic elements such as SXT ICE, conferring resistance through genes like dfrA1, sulII, tetA, tetG and flor. Essential virulence genes including ctxAB, toxR, tcpA, ace, and hlyA were found in 100 % of the V. cholerae strains, with zot present in 66.6 % of isolates.
This study highlights the evolving antibiotic resistance patterns and genetic factors contributing to V. cholerae virulence, providing pivotal breakthroughs in public health strategies aimed at controlling future outbreaks.
2023年12月，在奥里萨邦的鲁尔克拉区检测到霍乱疫情，促使采用现场流行病学方法进行调查，并对病例分离株进行进一步研究。此次疫情可能是由季节性降雨后自来水污染引发的。
一项基于实验室的描述性研究，重点是对34例急性腹泻病进行微生物学和分子检测及特征分析。采集用于细菌学和分子检测的样本在布巴内斯瓦尔的印度医学研究理事会区域医学研究中心进行调查。
35%的样本中检测到霍乱弧菌，23.5%的样本中检测到致泻性大肠杆菌，突出了这些为主要病原体。病原体被鉴定为埃尔托型霍乱弧菌菌株（7PET），这是该地区首次检测到。对氨苄西林、四环素、阿奇霉素和氯霉素存在抗生素耐药性，对环丙沙星有显著的完全耐药性。这种耐药性归因于移动遗传元件如SXT整合接合元件的存在，通过dfrA1、sulII、tetA、tetG和flor等基因赋予耐药性。在100%的霍乱弧菌菌株中发现了包括ctxAB、toxR、tcpA、ace和hlyA在内的必需毒力基因，66.6%的分离株中存在zot。
本研究突出了不断演变的抗生素耐药模式以及导致霍乱弧菌毒力的遗传因素，为旨在控制未来疫情的公共卫生策略提供了关键突破。
