Frisch R E, Wyshak G, Albright N L, Albright T E, Schiff I, Jones K P, Witschi J, Shiang E, Koff E, Marguglio M
Br J Cancer. 1985 Dec;52(6):885-91. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1985.273.
The prevalence (lifetime occurrence) rate of cancers of the reproductive system (uterus, ovary, cervix and vagina) and breast cancer was determined for 5,398 living alumnae, 2,622 of whom were former college athletes and 2,776 non-athletes, from data on medical and reproductive history, athletic training and diet. The former athletes had a significantly lower risk of cancer of the breast and reproductive system than did the non-athletes. The relative risk (RR), non-athletes/athletes, for cancers of the reproductive system was 2.53. 95% confidence limits (CL) (1.17, 5.47). The RR for breast cancer was 1.86, 95% CL (1.00, 3.47). The analysis controlled for potential confounding factors including age, family history of cancer, age of menarche, number of pregnancies, use of oral contraceptives, use of oestrogen in the menopausal period, smoking, and leanness. Of the college athletes, 82.4% had been on pre-college teams compared to 24.9% of the college non-athletes. We conclude that long term athletic training may lower the risk of breast cancer and cancers of the reproductive system.
根据医学和生殖史、运动训练及饮食数据，对5398名在世的女校友进行了生殖系统癌症（子宫、卵巢、子宫颈和阴道）及乳腺癌的患病率（终生发病率）测定，其中2622人曾是大学运动员，2776人不是运动员。前运动员患乳腺癌和生殖系统癌症的风险显著低于非运动员。生殖系统癌症的相对风险（RR），即非运动员/运动员，为2.53。95%置信区间（CL）为（1.17，5.47）。乳腺癌的RR为1.86，95%CL为（1.00，3.47）。分析对潜在混杂因素进行了控制，包括年龄、癌症家族史、初潮年龄、怀孕次数、口服避孕药的使用、绝经期间雌激素的使用、吸烟和消瘦情况。大学运动员中，82.4%曾参加过大学前的运动队，相比之下，大学非运动员中这一比例为24.9%。我们得出结论，长期的运动训练可能会降低患乳腺癌和生殖系统癌症的风险。
