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载氢氧化钙纳米颗粒作为根管内药物的抗菌性能、pH值及药物释放的比较评价——研究。

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial property, pH, and drug release of calcium hydroxide-loaded nanoparticles as intracanal medicament - study.

作者信息

Humnabad Vamshi Krishna, Hindlekar Ajit, Srinidhi S R, Shivapriya Adapa Sri, Patil Rutuja, Jadhav Ganesh

机构信息

Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Department of Dentistry, AIIMS Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

出版信息

J Conserv Dent Endod. 2025 Jul;28(7):675-686. doi: 10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_310_25. Epub 2025 Jul 2.

DOI:10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_310_25
PMID:40746478
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12310107/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Effective endodontic treatment relies on eliminating microbial infections and preventing reinfections. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) is widely used as an intracanal medicament due to its high pH and antibacterial activity. However, its limited solubility and penetration reduce its efficacy. Nanoparticles (NPs) such as poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and Chitosan have shown promise in enhancing drug delivery and sustained release.

OBJECTIVE

The objective is to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy, pH changes, and drug release of Ca(OH) alone, Ca(OH) with PLGA NPs, and Ca(OH) with Chitosan NPs as intracanal medicaments.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Twenty-four single-rooted teeth were divided into three groups: (1) Group 1: Ca(OH) (control), (2) Group 2: Ca(OH) + PLGA, (3) Group 3: Ca(OH) + Chitosan. Antibacterial activity was assessed against using the agar diffusion method at 1 h, 24 h, and 7 days. pH changes were recorded using a digital pH meter. Drug release was analyzed through a dialysis bag method in phosphate-buffered saline at 37°C, with ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 220 nm. Statistical analysis was done using Analysis of Variance and Tukey's test ( < 0.05).

RESULTS

Group 3 (Ca(OH) + Chitosan) showed the largest inhibition zones (15.46 ± 0.16 mm at 24 h; 14.56 ± 0.16 mm at 7 days) and the highest pH (11.71 ± 0.34). Group 2 (Ca(OH) + PLGA) exhibited the most sustained drug release (78.14% ± 2.09% at 7 days).

CONCLUSION

NP incorporation significantly improved the antibacterial efficacy, pH stability, and drug release of Ca(OH). Chitosan enhanced antimicrobial activity and pH, while PLGA provided superior sustained release. These formulations show potential as advanced intracanal medicaments.

摘要

背景

有效的牙髓治疗依赖于消除微生物感染并防止再感染。氢氧化钙（Ca(OH)₂）因其高pH值和抗菌活性而被广泛用作根管内药物。然而，其有限的溶解度和渗透性降低了其疗效。聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物（PLGA）和壳聚糖等纳米颗粒在增强药物递送和缓释方面显示出前景。

目的

评估和比较单独使用Ca(OH)₂、Ca(OH)₂与PLGA纳米颗粒以及Ca(OH)₂与壳聚糖纳米颗粒作为根管内药物的抗菌效果、pH变化和药物释放情况。

材料和方法

将24颗单根牙分为三组：（1）第1组：Ca(OH)₂（对照组），（2）第2组：Ca(OH)₂ + PLGA，（3）第3组：Ca(OH)₂ + 壳聚糖。在1小时、24小时和7天时使用琼脂扩散法评估抗菌活性。使用数字pH计记录pH变化。通过透析袋法在37℃的磷酸盐缓冲盐水中分析药物释放，在220nm处使用紫外分光光度法。使用方差分析和Tukey检验进行统计分析（P < 0.05）。

结果

第3组（Ca(OH)₂ + 壳聚糖）显示出最大的抑菌圈（24小时时为15.46 ± 0.16mm；7天时为14.56 ± 0.16mm）和最高的pH值（11.71 ± 0.34）。第2组（Ca(OH)₂ + PLGA）表现出最持久的药物释放（7天时为78.14% ± 2.09%）。

结论

纳米颗粒的加入显著提高了Ca(OH)₂的抗菌效果、pH稳定性和药物释放。壳聚糖增强了抗菌活性和pH值，而PLGA提供了更好的缓释效果。这些制剂显示出作为先进根管内药物的潜力。

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