O'Donnell R P, Linde C C, May T W
Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT, 2600, Australia.
Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, South Yarra VIC, 3141, Australia.
Persoonia. 2025 Jun;54:285-325. doi: 10.3114/persoonia.2025.54.09. Epub 2025 Jun 17.
is a family of cryptic basidiomycetous fungi, most notable for the plant pathogens known under generic names such as , , , and . While responsible for billions of dollars in crop losses annually, members of these genera also serve important ecological functions as orchid mycorrhizal symbionts and saprotrophs. While asexually-typified ( and ) and sexually-typified ( and ) names have been utilised, molecular studies have repeatedly demonstrated these genera to be paraphyletic. In addition, the type of is not congeneric with the many other species introduced in the genus. Despite previous attempts to synonymise various names under a broadly-defined , authors have continued to describe new species using outdated generic names. Using publicly-available ITS, LSU, , and sequences generated from holotype specimens or from isolates obtained from permanently preserved cultures of type collections (ex-type specimens), we recovered a phylogeny of the that reiterates the paraphyly of various genera within a well-supported clade to which we apply the name . We review the placements of names introduced in the genera , , and , and formalise 32 new combinations in . While it is accepted that the type of does not belong in , we advocate continued use of the family name and discuss a nomenclatural solution to formally cement this usage. Using as a case study, we argue that continued use of names that are evident synonyms is out of step with contemporary fungal taxonomic practice and precludes a holistic understanding of the classification and biology of this group. O'Donnell RP, Linde CC, May TW (2025). Rise up, : moving to one fungus, one name in the (, ). : 285-325. doi: 10.3114/persoonia.2025.54.09.
是一类隐花担子菌纲真菌，最为人所知的是其作为植物病原体，常见的属名有 、 、 、 等。这些属的成员每年造成农作物损失达数十亿美元，但它们作为兰花菌根共生体和腐生菌也发挥着重要的生态功能。虽然已经使用了无性型（如 和 ）和有性型（如 和 ）的名称，但分子研究反复表明这些属是并系的。此外， 的模式种与该属中引入的许多其他物种不同属。尽管此前曾尝试将各种名称归入广义的 名下作为同义词，但作者们仍继续使用过时的属名描述新物种。利用从模式标本或从模式标本永久保存培养物（模式外标本）获得的分离物中产生的公开可用的ITS、LSU、 和 序列，我们重建了 的系统发育，再次证实了在一个得到充分支持的分支内各属的并系性，我们将该分支命名为 。我们回顾了在 、 、 属中引入的名称的归类，并正式确定了 属中的32个新组合。虽然人们公认 的模式种不属于 属，但我们主张继续使用科名 ，并讨论一种命名解决方案以正式确立这种用法。以 为例，我们认为继续使用明显是同义词的名称与当代真菌分类学实践不符，并且妨碍了对该类群分类和生物学的全面理解。 奥唐奈RP、林德CC、梅TW（2025年）。奋起吧， ：在 （ ， ）中迈向一菌一名。 ：285 - 325。doi: 10.3114/persoonia.2025.54.09 。
