Zare Negar, Najm Abdollah, Mohebali Mehdi, Sahebani Alireza, Rayani Mohammad, Zareei Zabihollah, Bemana Maryam, Barazesh Afshin
Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Bushehr Veterinary Organization, Bushehr, Iran.
Iran J Parasitol. 2025 Apr-Jun;20(2):280-288. doi: 10.18502/ijpa.v20i2.19047.
The Mediterranean form of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in some regions of Iran and is often seen in children under 10 years old. There is a 90% mortality in patients, if diagnosis and treatment are not done on time. Canids, as reservoirs, play an important role in the spread of the disease.
Bushehr Province, southern Iran is always mentioned as one of the endemic areas for VL, so for this purpose, as the first study in the region, 112 sheltered dogs in Bushehr City were evaluated for canine leishmaniasis (CanL) using serological Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) as well as detailed clinical examinations.
Out of 112 samples collected, 71.4% of cases had anti- IgG antibody titers of 1:80 and higher and therefore considered as seropositive. Furthermore, from the 70 seropositive dogs with antibody titer of 1:320 and higher, 47 (42%) had at least one of the clinical symptoms associated with VL and considered as cases with CanL.
The current seroprevalence situation of dogs in this region, is very noticeable and can be an important alarm for policymakers and health system practitioners. More comprehensive and complementary parasitological studies should be carried out on a number of reservoirs in the region for diagnosis and treatment and to accurately determine the statistics of the disease compared to the obtained seroprevalence status.
地中海型内脏利什曼病（VL）在伊朗的一些地区呈地方性流行，常见于10岁以下儿童。若不及时诊断和治疗，患者死亡率达90%。犬科动物作为储存宿主，在疾病传播中起重要作用。
伊朗南部的布什尔省一直被视为VL的流行地区之一，因此，作为该地区的首次研究，采用血清学直接凝集试验（DAT）以及详细的临床检查，对布什尔市112只收容犬进行犬利什曼病（CanL）评估。
在采集的112份样本中，71.4%的病例抗IgG抗体滴度为1:80及以上，因此被视为血清阳性。此外，在70只抗体滴度为1:320及以上的血清阳性犬中，47只（42%）至少有一项与VL相关的临床症状，被视为CanL病例。
该地区犬类目前的血清流行情况非常值得关注，可能为政策制定者和卫生系统从业者敲响重要警钟。应针对该地区的一些储存宿主开展更全面和补充性的寄生虫学研究，用于疾病的诊断和治疗，并与获得的血清流行状况相比，准确确定疾病统计数据。
