Saeedinia Mostafa, Sighaldeh Shirin Shahbazi, Joodaki Kobra, Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh, Haghollahi Fedyeh, Salehpour Saghar, Zaki-Dizaji Majid, Isazadeh Nikzad, Heidary Zohreh
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Midwifery and Reproductive Health Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Universities of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2025 Jun 1;28(6):356-366. doi: 10.34172/aim.33938.
Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have been implemented in Iran for nearly thirty years. However, except for embryo donation, none of the other cases, including embryo and sperm donation have not yet been legalized through parliamentary resolutions. This study aims to explore the challenges of these three types of donations from the perspective of fertility experts.
This qualitative exploratory research was conducted in Tehran in 2024. Participants consisted of 12 specialists with experience in infertility treatment or other fields related to embryo, sperm and egg donation, who were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via focus group discussions and analyzed based on conventional content analysis using MAXQDA 20.
Data were classified into 12 categories. Eight categories describe the challenges and problems of egg, sperm, and embryo donation and 4 categories describe the solutions recommended by experts.
According to the study findings, sperm donation faces the most legal and medical challenges compared to egg and embryo donation. Designing a comprehensive national protocol could be the best solution proposed to Iranian health policymakers. Conducting more qualitative and mixed methods studies related to sperm, egg, and embryo donation could confirm and strengthen the findings of this study.
辅助生殖技术（ARTs）在伊朗已应用近三十年。然而，除胚胎捐赠外，包括胚胎和精子捐赠在内的其他情况尚未通过议会决议合法化。本研究旨在从生育专家的角度探讨这三种捐赠类型所面临的挑战。
这项定性探索性研究于2024年在德黑兰进行。参与者包括12名在不孕治疗或与胚胎、精子和卵子捐赠相关的其他领域有经验的专家，他们通过目的抽样法选取。数据通过焦点小组讨论收集，并使用MAXQDA 20基于传统内容分析法进行分析。
数据分为12类。八类描述了卵子、精子和胚胎捐赠的挑战与问题，四类描述了专家推荐的解决方案。
根据研究结果，与卵子和胚胎捐赠相比，精子捐赠面临着最严峻的法律和医学挑战。制定一项全面的国家方案可能是向伊朗卫生政策制定者提出的最佳解决方案。开展更多与精子、卵子和胚胎捐赠相关的定性和混合方法研究可以证实并强化本研究的结果。
