Kim Seo-Hyun, Go Hye-Bin, Lee Myung-Jin, Kwon Jae-Sung
Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 4;15(1):28365. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13342-3.
This study investigated whether the various beneficial properties of flowable composite resin could be maintained upon adding strontium-modified phosphate-based glass (Sr-PBG) as an antibacterial agent. The experimental composite resin groups contained 1, 3, 5, or 10 wt% Sr-PBG. The mechanical, depth of cure, ion release, color analysis, surface gloss, antibacterial, and biocompatibility properties of the experimental groups were compared to those of the control group (100% resin). All experiments were performed before and after thermocycling to investigate the effects of thermal aging. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). All mechanical properties for the experimental groups (e.g., flexural strength, elastic modulus, and microhardness) were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). For Sr-PBG concentrations ≤ 5 wt%, the mechanical parameters were within the acceptable ranges set by ISO standards. Significant color differences (ΔE) were observed between the control and experimental groups, with the 10 wt% Sr-PBG sample showing clinically unacceptable levels. The release of Sr, P, and Ca ions increased with the Sr-PBG content before thermocycling. After thermocycling, Sr and Ca release decreased, whereas P release increased sharply at concentrations above 5 wt%. Antibacterial tests confirmed that higher Sr-PBG concentrations resulted in superior antibacterial efficacy against S. mutans. The Sr-PBG-containing composites were not cytotoxic to human cells. The findings suggest that 5 wt% Sr-PBG is the optimal concentration for improving the antibacterial properties of dental restorative materials without compromising their clinical performance.
本研究调查了添加锶改性磷酸盐基玻璃（Sr-PBG）作为抗菌剂后，可流动复合树脂的各种有益性能是否能够得以保持。实验复合树脂组含有1%、3%、5%或10%（重量）的Sr-PBG。将实验组的机械性能、固化深度、离子释放、颜色分析、表面光泽、抗菌性能和生物相容性与对照组（100%树脂）进行比较。所有实验均在热循环前后进行，以研究热老化的影响。数据采用单因素方差分析和Tukey检验进行分析（p < 0.05）。实验组的所有机械性能（如弯曲强度、弹性模量和显微硬度）均显著低于对照组（p < 0.05）。对于Sr-PBG浓度≤5%（重量），机械参数在ISO标准设定的可接受范围内。对照组和实验组之间观察到显著的颜色差异（ΔE），10%（重量）Sr-PBG样品显示出临床上不可接受的水平。热循环前，Sr、P和Ca离子的释放随Sr-PBG含量的增加而增加。热循环后，Sr和Ca的释放减少，而P的释放在浓度高于5%（重量）时急剧增加。抗菌测试证实，较高的Sr-PBG浓度对变形链球菌具有更好的抗菌效果。含Sr-PBG的复合材料对人体细胞无细胞毒性。研究结果表明，5%（重量）的Sr-PBG是在不影响牙科修复材料临床性能的情况下提高其抗菌性能的最佳浓度。
