Ödling Maria, Lagercrantz Birgitta, Lundin Susanne, Sandelowsky Hanna, Janson Christer, Kull Inger
Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Clin Transl Allergy. 2025 Aug;15(8):e70088. doi: 10.1002/clt2.70088.
Evidence-based guidelines for transitional care of adolescents and young adults with allergy and asthma have been published, but shortcomings in the transition process have been identified. This study's aim was to gather deeper insights into healthcare professionals' experiences regarding the challenges of transitional care for adolescents and young adults with allergy and asthma.
Clinically active physicians and registered nurses in Sweden were recruited through a web survey. Qualitative data were obtained through individual interviews (n = 18). The transcribed interview data, serving as the basis for this study, were analysed using systematic text condensation.
Four categories emerged during the analysis process: (1) 'There is no clear structured approach that can be applied to everyone', addressing variations in disease and individual patient needs. (2) 'Relying only on referrals', indicating that no other forms of communication exist. (3) 'Tackling patients' assumptions and verifying their knowledge', referring to discrepancies between patients' expectations of healthcare professionals' knowledge of medical histories and the limited information actually available to healthcare professionals. (4) 'Unprepared patients in a fragmented care chain', implying a need to prepare patients for how healthcare services can differ.
Based on healthcare professionals' experiences, transitional care for patients with allergies and asthma is a complex process marked by numerous challenges. Interventions for improvement should include increased guideline implementation at all levels of healthcare, better communication between healthcare professionals, and continuous patient education, including teaching adolescents and young adults to take responsibility for navigating the healthcare system for care of allergy and asthma.
关于青少年及青年过敏和哮喘患者过渡性护理的循证指南已发布，但过渡过程中的不足之处已被发现。本研究的目的是更深入地了解医疗保健专业人员在青少年及青年过敏和哮喘患者过渡性护理挑战方面的经验。
通过网络调查招募瑞典的临床执业医生和注册护士。通过个人访谈（n = 18）获得定性数据。作为本研究基础的访谈转录数据采用系统文本浓缩法进行分析。
分析过程中出现了四类情况：（1）“没有适用于所有人的明确结构化方法”，涉及疾病差异和个体患者需求。（2）“仅依赖转诊”，表明不存在其他沟通形式。（3）“应对患者的假设并核实其知识”，指患者对医疗保健专业人员病史知识的期望与医疗保健专业人员实际可获得的有限信息之间的差异。（4）“在碎片化护理链中毫无准备的患者”，意味着需要让患者为医疗保健服务可能存在的差异做好准备。
基于医疗保健专业人员的经验，过敏和哮喘患者的过渡性护理是一个充满诸多挑战的复杂过程。改进干预措施应包括在各级医疗保健中加强指南实施、医疗保健专业人员之间更好的沟通以及持续的患者教育，包括教导青少年及青年对在医疗保健系统中管理过敏和哮喘护理负责。
