Sali Anthony W, Oor Emily E
Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2025 Aug 5. doi: 10.3758/s13414-025-03137-z.
As an individual's goals change, they must flexibly shift the focus of attention. In real-world scenarios, multiple stimuli, each with different likelihoods, can signal that it is appropriate to shift or to hold attention on a moment-by-moment basis. In the current study, we independently manipulated the likelihood of shifting attention and the likelihood of receiving particular cue stimuli by presenting multiple shift- and hold-attention cues to dissociate the behavioral costs associated with violations of shift readiness from stimulus identity predictions. After excluding trials with exact cue stimulus repetitions-where response times were significantly shorter than for other trials-we observed additive updating costs for shift and stimulus identity likelihood prediction errors across two experiments. Together, our results suggest that when cue stimuli do not consecutively repeat, the processes of updating attention-shifting readiness and stimulus identity are best explained by a serial processing architecture. The data, materials, and analysis code for this experiment are available online ( https://osf.io/zdtvc/ ).
随着个体目标的变化，他们必须灵活地转移注意力焦点。在现实世界的场景中，多个具有不同可能性的刺激可以表明在逐刻基础上转移或保持注意力是合适的。在当前的研究中，我们通过呈现多个转移和保持注意力的线索来独立操纵转移注意力的可能性和接收特定线索刺激的可能性，以区分与违反转移准备状态相关的行为成本与刺激身份预测。在排除线索刺激完全重复的试验（其中反应时间明显短于其他试验）后，我们在两个实验中观察到转移和刺激身份可能性预测误差的累加更新成本。总之，我们的结果表明，当线索刺激不连续重复时，注意力转移准备状态和刺激身份的更新过程最好由串行处理架构来解释。本实验的数据、材料和分析代码可在线获取（https://osf.io/zdtvc/）。
