Sarpdağı Yakup, Yiğit Muhammet Faruk, Kaplan Ebubekir, Sir Özkan, Çiftci Necmettin, Orakçi Hakan, Yildiz Metin
Faculty of Health Sciences, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey.
BMC Nurs. 2025 Aug 7;24(1):1038. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03668-8.
Nurses are routinely exposed to traumatic events as part of their professional duties, placing them at risk of developing secondary traumatic stress (STS). This condition can negatively impact both their psychological well-being and job performance. Although religious coping strategies and prosocial behaviors are thought to play a protective role against STS, these effects remain understudied in the literature.
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 516 nurses. Data were collected between April and August 2024 using the 'Sociodemographic Data Form', Religious Coping Scale', "Prosocial Behavior Scale" and "Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale". In the study, hierarchical regression analysis was applied to examine the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable.
58.6% of the nurses were between the ages of 18-31, 58.4% were undergraduate graduates, and 82.6% had experienced a traumatic event. The mean score of prosocial behavior was 3.04 ± 0.63 and the mean score of secondary traumatic stress was 48.98 ± 13.52. Positive religious coping (mean = 20.02 ± 4.31) showed a moderate negative correlation with secondary traumatic stress (r=-0.563, p = 0.001). Hierarchical regression revealed that religious coping strategies (positive and negative religious coping) alone explained 31.8% of the variance in secondary traumatic stress (R²=0.318), and when prosocial behavior was added, this percentage increased to 33.9%.
This study highlights the critical role of positive religious coping and prosocial behavior in reducing secondary traumatic stress among nurses frequently exposed to traumatic events. Positive religious coping emerged as the strongest protective factor, while prosocial behavior also contributed significantly to the reduction of stress levels. Strengthening positive coping mechanisms and promoting prosocial behaviors may be effective strategies to support nurses' mental health and resilience in trauma intensive care settings.
Positive religious coping and prosocial behaviors were found to be effective in reducing nurses' secondary traumatic stress. It is recommended that training and support programmes that support nurses' positive coping skills should be expanded in clinical practice.
护士在履行职业职责时经常接触创伤性事件，这使他们面临发生继发性创伤应激（STS）的风险。这种情况会对他们的心理健康和工作表现产生负面影响。尽管宗教应对策略和亲社会行为被认为对STS具有保护作用，但这些影响在文献中仍未得到充分研究。
这项描述性横断面研究有516名护士参与。2024年4月至8月期间，使用“社会人口学数据表”、“宗教应对量表”、“亲社会行为量表”和“继发性创伤应激量表”收集数据。在该研究中，应用分层回归分析来检验自变量对因变量的影响。
58.6%的护士年龄在18 - 31岁之间，58.4%为本科毕业生，82.6%经历过创伤性事件。亲社会行为的平均得分为3.04±0.63，继发性创伤应激的平均得分为48.98±13.52。积极宗教应对（均值 = 20.02±4.31）与继发性创伤应激呈中度负相关（r = -0.563，p = 0.001）。分层回归显示，仅宗教应对策略（积极和消极宗教应对）就解释了继发性创伤应激变异的31.8%（R² = 0.318），加入亲社会行为后，这一比例增至33.9%。
本研究强调了积极宗教应对和亲社会行为在减少经常接触创伤性事件的护士的继发性创伤应激方面的关键作用。积极宗教应对是最强的保护因素，而亲社会行为对减轻压力水平也有显著贡献。加强积极应对机制和促进亲社会行为可能是在创伤重症监护环境中支持护士心理健康和恢复力的有效策略。
发现积极宗教应对和亲社会行为在减轻护士的继发性创伤应激方面有效。建议在临床实践中扩大支持护士积极应对技能的培训和支持项目。
