人类大脑中 mA 表观转录组特征的异构体水平分析。

Isoform-level profiling of mA epitranscriptomic signatures in human brain.

作者信息

Gleeson Josie, Madugalle Sachithrani U, Wan Ching Yin, McLean Catriona, Bredy Timothy W, De Paoli-Iseppi Ricardo, Clark Michael B

机构信息

Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.

Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

出版信息

Sci Adv. 2025 Aug 8;11(32):eadp0783. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adp0783.

Abstract

The RNA modification N6-methyladenosine (mA) is highly abundant in human brain and implicated in neurological disorders. Profiling mA within RNA isoforms is a critical step toward understanding the complex mechanisms that underpin brain function and disease; however, we lack an isoform-level atlas of mA sites in the brain. We applied Oxford Nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) to three postmortem human brain regions-prefrontal cortex, caudate nucleus, and cerebellum-to simultaneously investigate the transcriptome and epitranscriptome at the isoform level. We identified 57,000 mA sites within 15,000 isoforms, revealing both isoform- and brain region-specific patterning of mA modifications. The prefrontal cortex exhibited a distinctive profile of specifically modified isoforms enriched in excitatory neurons and had the highest proportion of unannotated mA sites. A population of isoforms were hypermodified and associated with excitatory neurons in all brain regions. Our results demonstrate the utility of isoform-level profiling of RNA modifications and provide insights into brain region specificity with implications for development and disease.

摘要

RNA修饰N6-甲基腺嘌呤(m⁶A)在人类大脑中高度丰富,并与神经疾病有关。在RNA异构体水平上分析m⁶A是理解支撑大脑功能和疾病的复杂机制的关键一步;然而,我们缺乏大脑中m⁶A位点的异构体水平图谱。我们将牛津纳米孔直接RNA测序(DRS)应用于三个死后人类大脑区域——前额叶皮质、尾状核和小脑——以在异构体水平上同时研究转录组和表观转录组。我们在15000个异构体中鉴定出57000个m⁶A位点,揭示了m⁶A修饰的异构体特异性和脑区特异性模式。前额叶皮质表现出在兴奋性神经元中富集的特异性修饰异构体的独特特征,并且未注释的m⁶A位点比例最高。在所有脑区中,一群异构体被高度修饰并与兴奋性神经元相关。我们的结果证明了RNA修饰异构体水平分析的实用性,并提供了对脑区特异性的见解,对发育和疾病具有启示意义。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c91b/12333690/42bbd585e260/sciadv.adp0783-f1.jpg

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