Hu Yaodan, Men Ting, Yan Mingdong, Tang Weiqi, Tang Haocheng, Fan Kuanjun, Li Zhengyan
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 9;16(1):7370. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62526-y.
Light detection, no matter with human eyes or photodetectors, has long been limited by the dimensions of the obtained information. The term dimension refers to not only the three-dimensional space and the one-dimensional time but also physical quantities completely defining a light field such as amplitude, phase, polarization, and wavelength. Conventional light detections mainly capture two-dimensional transverse spatial intensity (amplitude), sometimes color or wavelength resolved, and great efforts have been taken to expand the optical sensing dimensions. As various types of novel structured light are enabled by advanced optical field manipulation approaches, full-dimensional optical sensing of arbitrary light fields is highly demanded, to resolve three-dimensional spatiotemporal amplitude, phase, polarization, and wavelength information. Here we have proved the concept of high-dimensional one-shot optical field compressive sensing, resolving full-dimensional information of any light field. Besides ordinary light fields with spatiotemporally uniform polarization states, full-dimensional metrologies of complicated structured light are conducted, including optical vortices, radially and azimuthally polarized beams, polarization-gating fields. It is believed that this light detection framework can not only be further compactly implemented for high-dimensional one-shot light detectors, but also observe dynamic physical processes in real-time.
光探测，无论是用人眼还是光探测器，长期以来都受到所获取信息维度的限制。维度这个术语不仅指三维空间和一维时间，还指完全定义光场的物理量，如振幅、相位、偏振和波长。传统的光探测主要捕获二维横向空间强度（振幅），有时还能分辨颜色或波长，并且人们已经付出巨大努力来扩展光学传感维度。随着先进的光场操纵方法能够产生各种新型结构光，对任意光场进行全维度光学传感的需求变得极为迫切，以便解析三维时空的振幅、相位、偏振和波长信息。在此，我们证明了高维单次光场压缩传感的概念，解析了任何光场的全维度信息。除了具有时空均匀偏振态的普通光场，还对复杂结构光进行了全维度计量，包括光学涡旋、径向和角向偏振光束、偏振门控场。人们相信，这种光探测框架不仅可以进一步紧凑地应用于高维单次光探测器，还能实时观测动态物理过程。
