Ryu S H, Forbes E, Kim B S, Park K T
Department of Equine Resources Science, Cheju Halla University, Jeju, 63092, South Korea.
Racing Integrity Board, Private Bag 17902, Greenlane, Auckland, 1546, New Zealand.
Vet Anim Sci. 2025 Jul 25;29:100484. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100484. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Five previously healthy horses in Korea, including a 19-year-old mixed-breed gelding, a 16-year-old mixed-breed mare, a 13-year-old Thoroughbred gelding, a 12-year-old Belgian warmblood mare, and a 12-year-old Andalusian mare, developed subcutaneous abscesses in the left neck after receiving intramuscular vaccination without prior skin disinfection. The vaccination used was Equivac® 2 in1, containing toxoid and cell-free extract. Within one week, the horses developed localised swelling and/or abscessation at the injection site. One case involved a ruptured abscess, while the others presented with warm, mildly painful, and non-fluctuant swellings. No foreign bodies were palpable at the injection sites. Both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures were performed using 5 % defibrinated sheep blood agar, and the isolates were identified as and , all of which were consistent with commensal or environmental flora. PCR testing was negative for . In this cohort, post-injection abscesses occurred in 5 out of 70 horses (7.1 %) and were associated with commensal and environmental bacterial species, suggesting these cases likely resulted from procedural lapses rather than a direct vaccine-related reaction. Although the benefit of alcohol swabbing is debated in human medicine, this practice may offer important benefits under variable hygienic conditions in equine field settings. Accordingly, disinfecting the injection site with an alcohol- or disinfectant-soaked swab should be considered a routine precaution to minimise post-injection complications in horses.
韩国有5匹先前健康的马，包括一匹19岁的混血 gelding、一匹16岁的混血母马、一匹13岁的纯种马 gelding、一匹12岁的比利时温血母马和一匹12岁的安达卢西亚母马，在未事先进行皮肤消毒的情况下接受肌肉注射疫苗后，左颈部出现皮下脓肿。所使用的疫苗是Equivac® 2合1，含有类毒素和无细胞提取物。在一周内，这些马在注射部位出现局部肿胀和/或脓肿。其中一例涉及脓肿破裂，其他病例表现为温热、轻度疼痛且无波动感的肿胀。在注射部位未触及异物。使用5%去纤维羊血琼脂进行需氧和厌氧细菌培养，分离出的菌株被鉴定为 和 ，所有这些都与共生或环境菌群一致。PCR检测 呈阴性。在这个队列中，70匹马中有5匹（7.1%）在注射后出现脓肿，并且与共生和环境细菌种类有关，表明这些病例可能是由于操作失误而非直接的疫苗相关反应导致的。尽管在人类医学中酒精擦拭的益处存在争议，但在马匹野外环境的可变卫生条件下，这种做法可能会带来重要益处。因此，用酒精或消毒剂浸泡的棉签对注射部位进行消毒应被视为一种常规预防措施，以尽量减少马匹注射后的并发症。
