Su Hao, Jing Longfei, Lv Dongmei, Huan Zhendong, Xu Wenqiang
Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai Shandong China.
Department of Spine Surgery The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai Shandong China.
JOR Spine. 2025 Aug 11;8(3):e70100. doi: 10.1002/jsp2.70100. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) compromises the communication between the brain and spinal circuits involved in locomotion, resulting in severe motor dysfunction. However, currently available therapies have limited effectiveness in restoring motor function after SCI.
Recent research has highlighted the importance of the central pattern generator (CPG), a spinal circuitry responsible for generating coordinated patterns of leg motor activity in the absence of brain-derived inputs, in locomotor recovery. Therefore, a highly promising approach for restorative treatment after SCI involves reactivating the CPG network to harness its rhythmic activity-generating capabilities. Various forms of neuromodulation, such as pharmacological agents, electrical stimulation, and light-based regulatory strategies, have been utilized for this purpose.
This review summarizes the organizational structure and functional characteristics of CPG networks, examines CPG alterations following SCI, and evaluates recent advances in neuromodulation strategies aimed at restoring motor function through CPG reactivation.
This review also highlights existing challenges and outlines prospective directions for future research in the field.
脊髓损伤（SCI）损害了大脑与参与运动的脊髓回路之间的通信，导致严重的运动功能障碍。然而，目前可用的治疗方法在脊髓损伤后恢复运动功能方面效果有限。
最近的研究强调了中枢模式发生器（CPG）在运动恢复中的重要性，CPG是一种脊髓回路，负责在没有大脑输入的情况下产生协调的腿部运动活动模式。因此，脊髓损伤后恢复性治疗的一种极具前景的方法是重新激活CPG网络，以利用其产生节律性活动的能力。为此已采用了各种形式的神经调节，如药物、电刺激和基于光的调节策略。
本综述总结了CPG网络的组织结构和功能特征，研究了脊髓损伤后CPG的改变，并评估了旨在通过重新激活CPG恢复运动功能的神经调节策略的最新进展。
本综述还强调了现有挑战，并概述了该领域未来研究的前瞻性方向。
