de León Oliva Borja, Rodríguez Gómez José Ángel, Rodríguez Novo Natalia
Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Hospital, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University School of Nursing, Universidad de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Universidad de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Nurs Crit Care. 2025 Sep;30(5):e70148. doi: 10.1111/nicc.70148.
Effective communication between nurses and family members in intensive care units (ICU) is fundamental for a suitable nurse-family relationship. Despite this, there are certain difficulties that affect communication, which cause negative emotions in family members.
The aim of this study was to identify the main communication problems that intensive care nurses face with relatives of critically ill patients admitted to the ICU and to determine the role that the nurse plays in communication with family members.
A scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The review process took place between 2023 and 2024. Studies were included if they involved relatives of adult patients (> 18 years) in adult ICU settings and addressed concepts related to nurse-family communication, communication difficulties or the nurse-family relationship. Studies published between 2006 and 2022 were identified, using the EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL complete, Scopus, SCI-Expanded and SSCI databases and recovering a total of 1020 studies.
Twenty-seven scientific articles were included that identified communication difficulties between ICU nurses and family members. Care overload, language barrier, lack of specific training in interpersonal skills and communication, and the use of technical language are some of the most frequent difficulties.
ICU nurses face multiple difficulties to effective family communication, yet they are essential facilitators in humanising care. Structured training and institutional protocols are crucial to improving communication quality, reducing family distress and optimising the outcomes of critical care with family members.
Knowledge of the communication difficulties that exist in the nurse-family relationship in the ICU can help nurses improve communication and reduce the suffering of family members during the critical care patient's stay.
重症监护病房（ICU）中护士与家庭成员之间的有效沟通是建立良好护患关系的基础。尽管如此，仍存在一些影响沟通的困难，这些困难会导致家庭成员产生负面情绪。
本研究的目的是确定重症监护护士在与入住ICU的重症患者亲属沟通时面临的主要沟通问题，并确定护士在与家庭成员沟通中所起的作用。
按照阿克西和奥马利框架以及乔安娜·布里格斯研究所指南进行了一项范围综述。综述过程于2023年至2024年进行。纳入的研究需涉及成人ICU环境中成年患者（>18岁）的亲属，并涉及与护患沟通、沟通困难或护患关系相关的概念。使用EMBASE、Medline、CINAHL complete、Scopus、SCI-Expanded和SSCI数据库检索2006年至2022年发表的研究，共检索到1020项研究。
纳入了27篇科学文章，这些文章确定了ICU护士与家庭成员之间的沟通困难。护理负担过重、语言障碍、缺乏人际沟通技能的专门培训以及使用专业术语是一些最常见的困难。
ICU护士在与家属进行有效沟通方面面临多重困难，但他们是实现人性化护理的关键促进者。结构化培训和机构协议对于提高沟通质量、减轻家属痛苦以及优化重症监护与家属沟通的效果至关重要。
了解ICU护患关系中存在的沟通困难有助于护士改善沟通，减轻重症患者住院期间家属的痛苦。
