Liu Chenghao, Zhang Zhenyu, Mao Rui, Xia Li, Xie Yun
School of Exercise, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China.
School of Physical Education, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Aug 13;20(8):e0329588. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0329588. eCollection 2025.
This study investigated the effects of an 8-week concurrent strength-endurance training program on the performance of elite female triathletes in China. Twelve female national team members (age 18.41 ± 1.44 years) completed a phased concurrent training program, which included strength (three times per week) and endurance (three times per week) modules. TRIMP was used to monitor training load. The test indicators included 1RM strength, vertical jump (CMJ/SJ), swimming/running performance, and short- and medium-distance triathlon simulation races. The results showed that 1RM squat (+4.23% ± 2.99%, P < 0.001), relative squat strength (+3.96% ± 3.0%, P < 0.001), static jump (SJ, + 3.65% ± 1.42%, P < 0.001), 400-meter swimming (-0.85% ± 0.25%, P < 0.001), 2000-meter running (-0.47% ± 0.48%, P < 0.01), and short-distance triathlon performance (-3.63% ± 0.11%, P < 0.001) significantly improved. Maximum output power increased by 5.52 ± 3.06 W (P < 0.001), but VO2max and medium-distance triathlon performance remained unchanged. Concurrent training effectively enhanced the lower limb explosive power and short-distance performance of elite female triathletes through neuromuscular adaptations, and the intervention effects were sustainable, supporting its integration into periodized training programs.
本研究调查了为期8周的力量耐力同步训练计划对中国优秀女子铁人三项运动员成绩的影响。12名国家队女队员（年龄18.41±1.44岁）完成了一个分阶段的同步训练计划，该计划包括力量（每周三次）和耐力（每周三次）模块。训练负荷采用训练冲动（TRIMP）进行监测。测试指标包括1RM力量、垂直纵跳（CMJ/SJ）、游泳/跑步成绩以及短距离和中距离铁人三项模拟赛成绩。结果显示，1RM深蹲（+4.23%±2.99%，P<0.001）、相对深蹲力量（+3.96%±3.0%，P<0.001）、立定跳远（SJ，+3.65%±1.42%，P<0.001）、400米游泳（-0.85%±0.25%，P<0.001）、2000米跑步（-0.47%±0.48%，P<0.01）以及短距离铁人三项成绩（-3.63%±0.11%，P<0.001）均有显著提高。最大功率输出增加了5.52±3.06瓦（P<0.001），但最大摄氧量（VO2max）和中距离铁人三项成绩保持不变。同步训练通过神经肌肉适应有效地增强了优秀女子铁人三项运动员的下肢爆发力和短距离成绩，且干预效果具有可持续性，支持将其纳入周期性训练计划。
