Ghanem Amr Sayed, Hajzer Zsuzsa Emma, Hadar Vanessza, Faludi Eszter Vargáné, Shenheliia Tamari, Móré Marianna, Nagy Attila Csaba, Tóth Ágnes
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary.
Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 7;17(15):2572. doi: 10.3390/nu17152572.
: Oral diseases are highly prevalent in Hungary and driven in part by unhealthy beverage consumption, smoking, and other behaviors. No prior study has examined the impact of beverage consumption patterns on oral health in a representative Hungarian population. This study investigated the association between beverage intake, lifestyle factors, and oral health outcomes among Hungarian adults. : Data were drawn from the 2019 Hungarian European Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Oral health outcomes and key exposures, including beverage consumption, smoking, alcohol use, and sociodemographic variables, were self-reported. Associations were assessed using multiple logistic regression models. : Among 5425 adults, higher dairy intake was linked to less gum bleeding (odds ratio = 0.76; 95% confidence intervals [0.59-0.96]) and lower odds of teeth missing (0.63 [0.47-0.86]). Weekly juice intake reduced gum bleeding (0.62 [0.51-0.76]) and missing teeth (0.83 [0.71-0.96]). Daily soda was associated with more gum bleeding (1.94 [1.53-2.47]), caries (1.57 [1.27-1.94]), and poor self-perceived oral health (1.32 [1.10-1.59]). Alcohol (1-4 times/week) increased gum bleeding (1.38 [1.07-1.77]) and tooth mobility (1.47 [1.02-2.11]). Smoking raised odds for caries (1.42 [1.21-1.66]) and missing teeth (1.81 [1.55-2.10]). : Increasing dairy and fresh juice intake while reducing sugar-sweetened and acidic beverages, alongside tobacco and alcohol control and routine oral health screening, are effective strategies for improving population oral health across all sociodemographic groups.
口腔疾病在匈牙利极为普遍,部分原因是不健康的饮料消费、吸烟及其他行为。此前尚无研究调查饮料消费模式对具有代表性的匈牙利人群口腔健康的影响。本研究调查了匈牙利成年人饮料摄入量、生活方式因素与口腔健康结果之间的关联。
数据取自2019年匈牙利欧洲健康访谈调查,这是一项具有全国代表性的横断面研究。口腔健康结果及关键暴露因素,包括饮料消费、吸烟、饮酒及社会人口统计学变量,均通过自我报告获取。使用多重逻辑回归模型评估关联。
在5425名成年人中,较高的乳制品摄入量与较少的牙龈出血相关(优势比 = 0.76;95%置信区间[0.59 - 0.96])以及较低的牙齿缺失几率(0.63[0.47 - 0.86])。每周饮用果汁可减少牙龈出血(0.62[0.51 - 0.76])和牙齿缺失(0.83[0.71 - 0.96])。每日饮用苏打水与更多的牙龈出血(1.94[1.53 - 2.47])、龋齿(1.57[1.27 - 1.94])以及较差的自我感知口腔健康状况(1.32[1.10 - 1.59])相关。饮酒(每周1 - 4次)会增加牙龈出血(1.38[1.07 - 1.77])和牙齿松动(1.47[1.02 - 2.11])。吸烟会增加患龋齿(1.42[1.21 - 1.66])和牙齿缺失(1.81[1.55 - 2.10])的几率。
增加乳制品和新鲜果汁的摄入量,同时减少含糖和酸性饮料的摄入,再加上控烟、控酒以及进行常规口腔健康筛查,是改善所有社会人口统计学群体口腔健康的有效策略。
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