Gomez Mesa Nikolay Estiven, Vasilev Krasimir, Tang Youhong
Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
Biomedical Nanoengineering Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
Molecules. 2025 Aug 5;30(15):3278. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153278.
Casein, the main phosphoprotein in milk, has a multifaceted molecular structure and unique physicochemical properties that make it a viable candidate for biomedical use, particularly in wound healing. This review presents a concise analysis of casein's structural composition that comprises its hydrophobic and hydrophilic nature, calcium phosphate nanocluster structure, and its response to different pH, temperature, and ionic conditions. These characteristics have direct implications for its colloidal stability, including features such as gelation, swelling capacity, and usability as a biomaterial in tissue engineering. This review also discusses industrial derivatives and recent advances in casein biomaterials based on different fabrication types such as hydrogels, electrospun fibres, films, and advanced systems. Furthermore, casein dressings' functional and biological attributes have shown remarkable exudate absorption, retention of moisture, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity in both in vivo and in vitro studies. The gathered evidence highlights casein's versatile bioactivity and dynamic molecular properties, positioning it as a promising platform to address advanced wound dressing challenges.
酪蛋白是牛奶中的主要磷蛋白，具有多方面的分子结构和独特的物理化学性质，使其成为生物医学应用的可行候选物，特别是在伤口愈合方面。本综述简要分析了酪蛋白的结构组成，包括其疏水和亲水性质、磷酸钙纳米簇结构以及对不同pH、温度和离子条件的响应。这些特性对其胶体稳定性有直接影响，包括凝胶化、膨胀能力等特征以及作为组织工程生物材料的可用性。本综述还讨论了基于不同制造类型（如水凝胶、电纺纤维、薄膜和先进系统）的酪蛋白生物材料的工业衍生物和最新进展。此外，酪蛋白敷料的功能和生物学特性在体内和体外研究中均显示出显著的渗出液吸收、保湿、生物相容性以及抗菌和抗炎活性。收集到的证据突出了酪蛋白的多功能生物活性和动态分子特性，使其成为应对高级伤口敷料挑战的有前途的平台。
