Solbiati Sarah, Mozzini Federica, Sahler Jean, Gil Paul, Amir Bruno, Antonello Niccolò, Trojaniello Diana, Caiani Enrico Gianluca
Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, MI, Italy.
EssilorLuxottica, Smart Eyewear Lenses, Essilor International, 147 Rue de Paris, 94320 Créteil, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jul 22;25(15):4531. doi: 10.3390/s25154531.
Smart glasses are promising alternatives for the continuous, unobtrusive monitoring of heart rate (HR). This study validates HR estimates obtained with the "Essilor Connected Glasses" (SmartEW) during sedentary activities. Thirty participants wore the SmartEW, equipped with an IMU sensor for HR estimation, a commercial smartwatch (Garmin Venu 3), and an ECG device (Movesense Flash). The protocol included six static tasks performed under controlled laboratory conditions. The SmartEW algorithm analyzed 22.5 s signal windows using spectral analysis to estimate HR and provide a quality index (QI). Statistical analyses assessed agreement with ECG and the impact of QI on HR accuracy. SmartEW showed high agreement with ECG, especially with QI threshold equal to 70, as a trade-off between accuracy, low error, and acceptable data coverage (80%). Correlation for QI ≥ 70 was high across all the experimental phases (r up to 0.96), and the accuracy within ±5 bpm reached 95%. QI ≥ 70 also allowed biases to decrease (e.g., from -1.83 to -0.19 bpm while standing), with narrower limits of agreement, compared to ECG. SmartEW showed promising HR accuracy across sedentary activities, yielding high correlation and strong agreement with ECG and Garmin. SmartEW appears suitable for HR monitoring in static conditions, particularly when data quality is ensured.
智能眼镜有望成为持续、不引人注意地监测心率（HR）的替代设备。本研究验证了在久坐活动期间使用“依视路互联眼镜”（SmartEW）获得的心率估计值。30名参与者佩戴了配备用于心率估计的惯性测量单元（IMU）传感器的SmartEW、一款商用智能手表（佳明Venu 3）和一台心电图设备（Movesense Flash）。该方案包括在受控实验室条件下执行的六项静态任务。SmartEW算法使用频谱分析对22.5秒的信号窗口进行分析，以估计心率并提供质量指数（QI）。统计分析评估了与心电图的一致性以及质量指数对心率准确性的影响。SmartEW与心电图显示出高度一致性，尤其是当质量指数阈值等于70时，这是在准确性、低误差和可接受的数据覆盖率（80%）之间的一种权衡。在所有实验阶段，质量指数≥7这个值的相关性都很高（r高达0.96），并且±5次/分钟内的准确率达到了95%。与心电图相比，质量指数≥70还能使偏差减小（例如，站立时从-1.当质量指数≥70时，偏差也会减小（例如，站立时从-1.83降至-0.19次/分钟），一致性界限更窄。在久坐活动中，SmartEW显示出有前景的心率准确性，与心电图和佳明显示出高度相关性和很强的一致性。SmartEW似乎适用于静态条件下的心率监测，特别是在确保数据质量的情况下。 19 bpm降至-0.19 bpm），一致性界限更窄。在久坐活动中，SmartEW显示出有前景的心率准确性，与心电图和佳明显示出高度相关性和很强的一致性。SmartEW似乎适用于静态条件下的心率监测，特别是在确保数据质量的情况下。
