Chaves Pedro Henrique Thimotheu, de Carvalho Anna Paula Azevedo, Conte-Junior Carlos Adam
Research Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems (BioNano), Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941909, Brazil.
Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941598, Brazil.
ACS Omega. 2025 Jun 24;10(31):33965-33981. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c01464. eCollection 2025 Aug 12.
Conventional pesticides, extensively used in agriculture, pose environmental and human health concerns due to their toxicity and bioaccumulation. As sustainable alternatives, biopesticides derived from Brazilian native flora and agro-industrial residues have gained prominence for integrated pest management. This narrative review investigates the pesticidal potential of edible and nonedible plant parts and their alignment with circular bioeconomy strategies. We classified by the type of pesticidal effect (e.g., antifungal, insecticidal, herbicidal, acaricidal, and others). The main bioactive classes reported were flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds, showing selective activity against phytopathogens such as spp., spp., and . Promising technological strategies included ultrasound-assisted extraction using green solvents, nanoemulsions of essential oils (e.g., ) for repellent activity, and volatile organic compound profiling from endophytic fungi (e.g., spp.) from coffee stems with nematicidal and antifungal effects. was identified for its allelopathic potential, although ecological risks must be considered due to its invasive nature. While antifungal activity is the most frequently reported, other pesticidal classes, especially nematicidal, acaricidal, and herbicidal, remain underexplored and require further validation through in vivo and field studies. Furthermore, most studies relied on in vitro assays; future work must address in vivo efficacy, environmental persistence, safety to nontarget organisms, and scalability of bioactive production. These findings support the role of plant-based biopesticides in sustainable agriculture, aligned with green chemistry principles, and the transition toward a circular bioeconomy.
广泛应用于农业的传统农药，因其毒性和生物累积性而引发环境和人类健康问题。作为可持续的替代品，源自巴西本土植物群和农业工业残留物的生物农药在综合虫害管理中备受瞩目。本叙述性综述研究了可食用和不可食用植物部分的杀虫潜力及其与循环生物经济战略的契合度。我们按杀虫效果类型（如抗真菌、杀虫、除草、杀螨等）进行分类。报告的主要生物活性类别为黄酮类、萜类、生物碱和酚类化合物，对诸如 spp.、spp. 和 等植物病原体表现出选择性活性。有前景的技术策略包括使用绿色溶剂的超声辅助提取、具有驱避活性的精油纳米乳液（如 ），以及来自咖啡茎的具有杀线虫和抗真菌作用的内生真菌（如 spp.）的挥发性有机化合物分析。因其化感潜力而被识别，不过由于其入侵性，必须考虑生态风险。虽然抗真菌活性是最常报道的，但其他杀虫类别，尤其是杀线虫、杀螨和除草类别，仍未得到充分探索，需要通过体内和田间研究进一步验证。此外，大多数研究依赖体外试验；未来的工作必须解决体内功效、环境持久性、对非靶标生物的安全性以及生物活性生产的可扩展性问题。这些发现支持了基于植物的生物农药在可持续农业中的作用，符合绿色化学原则，并有助于向循环生物经济转型。
