Wang Dan, Deng Peizhi, Yang Shengbo, Xu Yangfan, Lu Jianyun
Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China.
Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2025 Aug 18;105:adv43367. doi: 10.2340/actadv.v105.43367.
There are no updated epidemiological data on alopecia areata up to 2021. The objective of this study was to emphasize the urgency of addressing the evolving public health challenges of alopecia areata. The annual point prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability of alopecia areata from 204 countries and regions from 1990-2021 were extracted. Subgroup analyses based on gender, age, global, national, regional, sociodemographic index, and World Bank income were conducted. From 1990-2021, age-standardized prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability of alopecia areata globally show a decreasing trend, with females dominating. There was a reduction in the disease burden in high sociodemographic index regions, but alopecia areata in general did not reflect a concentration in certain regions and was more equally distributed. Decomposition analysis revealed that population growth was the major contributor to the burden of alopecia areata, followed by population ageing. Patients with alopecia areata before the age of 14 were associated with anxiety disorders and other psychological disorders, but patients after the age of 14 were not associated with the onset of these disorders. Also, atopic dermatitis has been associated with alopecia areata. The epidemiological differences in psychological disorders between children and adolescents/adults with alopecia areata further demonstrate the importance of differentiated recognition at different ages.
截至2021年，尚无斑秃的最新流行病学数据。本研究的目的是强调应对斑秃不断演变的公共卫生挑战的紧迫性。提取了1990年至2021年来自204个国家和地区的斑秃年点患病率、发病率和伤残调整生命年。基于性别、年龄、全球、国家、地区、社会人口指数和世界银行收入进行了亚组分析。从1990年到2021年，全球斑秃的年龄标准化患病率、发病率和伤残调整生命年呈下降趋势，女性占主导。社会人口指数高的地区疾病负担有所减轻，但总体而言，斑秃并不集中在某些地区，分布更为均匀。分解分析表明，人口增长是斑秃负担的主要贡献因素，其次是人口老龄化。14岁之前患斑秃的患者与焦虑症和其他心理障碍有关，但14岁之后的患者与这些障碍的发病无关。此外，特应性皮炎与斑秃有关。斑秃儿童与青少年/成人心理障碍的流行病学差异进一步证明了不同年龄分层识别的重要性。
