Liu Demei, El-Sappah Ahmed H, Eldomiaty Ahmed S, Wang Haiqing, Chen Wenjie, Liu Ruijuan, Shen Jicheng, Ye Fahui
The Key Laboratory of Plateau Biological Adaptation and Evolution, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China.
The Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding in Qinghai Province, 810008, Xining, Qinghai, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 20;15(1):30526. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-11892-0.
The Qinghai Plateau's high-altitude conditions present significant challenges for wheat cultivation, demanding varieties with enhanced adaptability and stress resistance. However, the genetic basis for key traits like grain yield and stress tolerance in wheat adapted to these conditions remains poorly understood. This knowledge is crucial for developing wheat varieties that can thrive in the harsh environment of the Qinghai Plateau.This study aimed to uncover the genetic foundation of key traits by analyzing five F populations from crosses between Qinghai Plateau spring wheat varieties and CIMMYT germplasm. We used a target sequencing breeder chip to assess phenotypic variation in six parental lines. We identified potential genes for all-stage resistance (APR) and adult plant resistance (ASR) to stripe rust. Genotyping lines across the F populations revealed 99 loci/genes associated with ten key traits, with 35 showing genetic separation. Notably, the number of stripe rust resistance genes in the parental lines ranged from 4 to 9, with the F lines aggregating between 0 and 9 genes. Grain-related genes were aggregated in varying numbers, with the majority of lines carrying two genes. Gene frequency analysis revealed significant variation across populations, contributing valuable data for marker-assisted breeding and advancing wheat molecular breeding research.
青藏高原的高海拔条件给小麦种植带来了巨大挑战，需要具有更强适应性和抗逆性的品种。然而，适应这些条件的小麦中，诸如产量和耐逆性等关键性状的遗传基础仍知之甚少。这一知识对于培育能在青藏高原恶劣环境中茁壮成长的小麦品种至关重要。本研究旨在通过分析来自青藏高原春小麦品种与国际玉米小麦改良中心（CIMMYT）种质杂交的五个F群体，揭示关键性状的遗传基础。我们使用目标测序育种芯片评估六个亲本系的表型变异。我们鉴定了对条锈病全生育期抗性（APR）和成株抗性（ASR）的潜在基因。对F群体中的品系进行基因分型，发现99个与十个关键性状相关的位点/基因，其中35个表现出遗传分离。值得注意的是，亲本系中条锈病抗性基因的数量在4到9个之间，F品系中聚合的基因数在0到9个之间。与籽粒相关的基因聚合数量各不相同，大多数品系携带两个基因。基因频率分析揭示了群体间的显著差异，为标记辅助育种和推进小麦分子育种研究提供了有价值的数据。
