Liu Lei, Han Jinyu, Zhang Dandan, Li Yuqing, Zhang Chuanliang, Liu Shengjie, Yan Ziyi, Zheng Weijun, Li Chunlian, Zeng Qingdong, Kang Zhensheng, Han Dejun, Zhang Wentao, Yao Qiang, Wu Jianhui
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, People's Republic of China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2025 Jul 21;138(8):187. doi: 10.1007/s00122-025-04969-x.
YrFLA.1, YrFLA.2 and YrFLA.3, identified in wheat cultivar Flanders, collaboratively boost the level of adult plant resistance to stripe rust. Bread wheat cultivar Flanders has maintained an adequate level of adult plant resistance (APR) to stripe rust in China for more than 30 years despite exposure to a changing and variable pathogen population. To identify genomic segments conferring stripe rust resistance, an F recombinant inbred line (RILs) population from a cross of Avocet S and Flanders was analyzed genetically. The population and parents were evaluated in multiple environments and genotyped using the GenoBaitsWheatSNP16K array. Three stable QTL detected on chromosome arms 1BL, 3BL and 7BL were designated QYrfla.nwafu-1BL.7 (YrFLA.1, in a hot-spot region), QYrfla.nwafu-3BL.2 (YrFLA.2, possibly novel) and QYrfla.nwafu-7BL.6 (YrFLA.3, in a hot-spot region), respectively. YrFLA.3 was more effective than YrFLA.1 and YrFLA.2 in all environments, but synergistic interaction between all three loci led to significant enhancement of resistance. Under rust-free conditions there was almost no difference in thousand grain weight, but results from the rust nursery indicated a 21.81-28.76% reduction in the RILs lacking the QTL compared to the RILs with one or more QTL. On the other side, a panel of 679 current Chinese cultivars and breeding lines based on the GenoBaits assay was used to characterize the haplotype variation and the distribution of these loci. The haplotypes with the YrFLA.1, YrFLA.2 and YrFLA.3 regions have frequencies of 65.83, 18.99 and 43.44%, respectively, reducing disease severities of 17.57-37.54%. These findings indicate that effective gene pyramiding strategy is crucial for developing high yielding and durable resistance cultivars.
在小麦品种佛兰德斯中鉴定出的YrFLA.1、YrFLA.2和YrFLA.3共同提高了成株对条锈病的抗性水平。面包小麦品种佛兰德斯在中国30多年来一直保持着对条锈病的足够水平的成株抗性（APR），尽管面临不断变化和多样的病原菌群体。为了鉴定赋予条锈病抗性的基因组片段，对Avocet S和佛兰德斯杂交产生的F重组自交系（RILs）群体进行了遗传分析。在多个环境中对该群体及其亲本进行了评估，并使用GenoBaitsWheatSNP16K芯片进行基因分型。在染色体臂1BL、3BL和7BL上检测到的三个稳定QTL分别被命名为QYrfla.nwafu-1BL.7（YrFLA.1，位于一个热点区域）、QYrfla.nwafu-3BL.2（YrFLA.2，可能是新的）和QYrfla.nwafu-7BL.6（YrFLA.3，位于一个热点区域）。在所有环境中，YrFLA.3比YrFLA.1和YrFLA.2更有效，但这三个位点之间的协同相互作用导致抗性显著增强。在无锈条件下，千粒重几乎没有差异，但锈病圃的结果表明，与具有一个或多个QTL的RILs相比，缺乏这些QTL的RILs千粒重降低了21.81%-28.76%。另一方面，基于GenoBaits分析的一组679个当前中国品种和育种系被用来表征单倍型变异和这些位点的分布。具有YrFLA.1、YrFLA.2和YrFLA.3区域的单倍型频率分别为65.83%、18.99%和43.44%，病害严重程度降低了17.57%-37.54%。这些发现表明，有效的基因聚合策略对于培育高产和持久抗性品种至关重要。
