Abdelaziz Hamza T O, Seif Mohamed Eldin M, Younis Samir K A, Ahmed Nada, Michaeel Mary N, Abu-Hussien Samah H, Bakry Ashraf, Ebeed Naglaa M, Nasser Mohamed A, El-Nasr Mohamed K Abou, Ali Mahmoud A A, Hemdan Bahaa, Salah Mahmoud, El-Sayed Salwa M
Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt.
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt.
BMC Chem. 2025 Aug 20;19(1):245. doi: 10.1186/s13065-025-01608-w.
This study investigates the eco-friendly synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) incorporated into a polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CH) composite for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and food preservation applications. SeNPs were synthesized using orange peel extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Characterization through UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), TEM and zeta potential analysis confirmed the formation of stable, well-dispersed SeNPs. The antimicrobial activity of PVA/chitosan (PVA/CH) films incorporated with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was evaluated against five pathogenic bacterial strains, showing a concentration-dependent enhancement, with the 1% SeNPs formulation achieving the highest inhibition zones across all tested pathogens. Se nanoparticles showed a more compact structure and excellent thermal and UV stability into PVA/CH-SeNPS film. Antioxidant potential was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assays. The composites showed concentration-dependent free radical scavenging, with the highest activity observed at 1% SeNP concentration (IC50:45.2 µg/mL), closely approaching that of ascorbic acid (IC50: 38.6 µg/mL). HPLC analysis of orange peel extract identified high levels of rutin (546.46 mg/kg), quercetin (217.45 mg/kg), and chlorogenic acid (72.75 mg/kg), which likely contributed to the observed antioxidant properties. Cytotoxicity tests using Vero cells demonstrated high biocompatibility, with over 80% cell viability at all tested concentrations, confirming the composites’ potential for safe biomedical applications. Additionally, the use of PVA/CH-SeNP composites as an edible coating for Hollywood plum ( L. cv. Hollywood) was evaluated to extend postharvest storage. Fruits coated with 0.5% and 1% PVA/CH-SeNP showed significantly reduced weight loss (3.64% and 2.84%, respectively, compared to 6.91% in the control) and maintained higher firmness (7.20 N/cm² vs. 4.12 N/cm² in the control). The coatings also increased total soluble solids (TSS: 14.6°Brix), decreased acidity (0.936%), and enhanced L-ascorbic acid (19.86 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content. These results highlight the potential of PVA/CH-SeNP composites as multifunctional biomaterials for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and food preservation applications. Future studies should explore their in vivo efficacy, long-term stability, and potential for large-scale applications.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13065-025-01608-w.
本研究调查了掺入聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖（PVA/CH）复合材料中的硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）的环保合成、表征及生物活性，用于抗菌、抗氧化和食品保鲜应用。使用橙皮提取物作为还原剂和稳定剂合成了SeNPs。通过紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、动态光散射（DLS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和zeta电位分析进行表征，证实形成了稳定、分散良好的SeNPs。评估了掺入硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）的PVA/壳聚糖（PVA/CH）薄膜对五种致病细菌菌株的抗菌活性，显示出浓度依赖性增强，1% SeNPs配方在所有测试病原体中均实现了最大抑制圈。硒纳米颗粒在PVA/CH-SeNPS薄膜中显示出更致密的结构以及优异的热稳定性和紫外线稳定性。使用DPPH自由基清除试验评估抗氧化潜力。复合材料表现出浓度依赖性自由基清除能力，在1% SeNP浓度下观察到最高活性（IC50：45.2 μg/mL），与抗坏血酸（IC50：38.6 μg/mL）相近。橙皮提取物的高效液相色谱分析确定了高含量的芦丁（546.46 mg/kg）、槲皮素（217.45 mg/kg）和绿原酸（72.75 mg/kg），这可能是观察到的抗氧化性能的原因。使用Vero细胞进行的细胞毒性试验表明具有高生物相容性，在所有测试浓度下细胞活力均超过80%，证实了该复合材料在安全生物医学应用中的潜力。此外，评估了使用PVA/CH-SeNP复合材料作为好莱坞李（Prunus salicina L. cv. Hollywood）的可食用涂层以延长采后储存期。涂有0.5%和1% PVA/CH-SeNP的果实重量损失显著降低（分别为3.64%和2.84%，而对照为6.91%），并保持了更高的硬度（7.20 N/cm² 对比对照中的4.12 N/cm²）。涂层还增加了总可溶性固形物（TSS：14.6°Brix），降低了酸度（0.936%），并提高了L-抗坏血酸（19.86 mg/100 g）和花青素含量。这些结果突出了PVA/CH-SeNP复合材料作为用于抗菌、抗氧化和食品保鲜应用的多功能生物材料的潜力。未来的研究应探索其体内功效、长期稳定性和大规模应用的潜力。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s13065-025-01608-w获取的补充材料。
