Sypniewska Joanna, Pawłowski Łukasz, Mirowska Aleksandra, Szkodo Marek
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 21;15(1):30769. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-11620-8.
A double-coated Ti13Nb13Zr alloy was created by arc micro-oxidation (MAO) and subsequent electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The MAO ceramic was enriched with zinc ions, while the EPD-deposited chitosan coating contained silver nanoparticles. Both elements are important for the potential medical applications of the carved base material. To investigate the effects of the modification, morphological imaging by SEM, and spectroscopy analysis like EDS, XPS, and FTIR were performed. In addition, surface roughness, immersion, and wettability tests were carried out. Fabricated samples were also subjected to porosity, microhardness, and corrosion examination. The tests indicated that the MAO modifications carried out yielded a ceramic layer free of defects, while the most porous layer was found to be the one with a processing time of 10 min (MAO10). EPD coatings allowed the MAO pores to be covered, which did not reduce the surface roughness. Chemical bonding and composition studies confirmed the presence of Zn and Ag ions for each of the MAO and MAO_EPD modifications, with the XPS study showing these elements to be in oxide form. Roughness tests showed that the presence of the EPD coating generates increased standard deviations, which may be indicative of an irregular modified area, while a wetting test showed that each modified surface is hydrophilic and the MAO_EPD samples exhibit higher contact angle values than the single MAO modification. Corrosion resistance tests did not reveal a significant improvement compared to the native material; however, the obtained values are satisfactory for medical applications. All E values remained in the nanoampere per square centimeter range-for example, Ref. Ecorr: -0.263 ± 0.01 V; MAO10_EPD Ecorr: -0.012 ± 0.001 V. No substantial differences were observed between the various surface modification groups. The proposed modifications are promising in terms of apatite crystallization capacity. The primary biomedical application is expected to be in orthopedic implants.
通过电弧微氧化（MAO）和随后的电泳沉积（EPD）制备了一种双涂层Ti13Nb13Zr合金。MAO陶瓷富含锌离子，而EPD沉积的壳聚糖涂层含有银纳米颗粒。这两种元素对于雕刻基材的潜在医学应用都很重要。为了研究改性的效果，进行了扫描电子显微镜（SEM）形态成像以及能谱分析（如能谱仪（EDS）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR））。此外，还进行了表面粗糙度、浸泡和润湿性测试。制备的样品还进行了孔隙率、显微硬度和腐蚀检测。测试表明，进行的MAO改性产生了无缺陷的陶瓷层，而发现孔隙率最高的层是处理时间为10分钟的那一层（MAO10）。EPD涂层使MAO孔隙得以覆盖，且未降低表面粗糙度。化学键合和成分研究证实了MAO和MAO_EPD改性中均存在锌和银离子，XPS研究表明这些元素呈氧化物形式。粗糙度测试表明，EPD涂层的存在会增加标准偏差，这可能表明改性区域不规则，而润湿性测试表明每个改性表面都是亲水性的，且MAO_EPD样品的接触角值高于单一MAO改性。与原始材料相比，耐腐蚀性测试未显示出显著改善；然而，所得值对于医学应用来说是令人满意的。所有E值均保持在每平方厘米纳安范围内，例如，参考自腐蚀电位（Ecorr）：-0.263±0.01V；MAO10_EPD Ecorr：-0.012±0.001V。在各个表面改性组之间未观察到实质性差异。所提出的改性在磷灰石结晶能力方面很有前景。主要的生物医学应用预计将用于骨科植入物。
