Olufayo Olumide Ebenezer, Asowata Osahon Jeffery, Okekunle Akinkunmi Paul, Akpa Onoja Mattthew
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
J Hum Hypertens. 2025 Aug 26. doi: 10.1038/s41371-025-01057-x.
Hypertension remains a public health problem worldwide, particularly in Africa, where the burden is disproportionately high. However, little is known about the burden and factors associated with hypertension among populations living in slums, particularly in Sub-Saharan African countries like Nigeria, where a significant proportion of the population in Africa lives. This study assessed the hypertension burden and risk factors among individuals residing in the slums compared to the overall sample and those from the non-slum areas in Ibadan, Nigeria. In this study, 3635 participants from the door-to-door Community-based Investigation of the Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases study provided information on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were carried out using standard procedures. Hypertension was defined as one of the following conditions: systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, self-reported diagnosis of hypertension by a certified health professional, and current use of anti-hypertensive or blood pressure-lowering medications. Overall, 903 (24.8%) were hypertensive in the entire sample, but 29.4% (170 of 579) of the participants from the slums and 23.9% (733 of 3056) of those living in non-slum areas presented with hypertension. Generally, the odds of hypertension (using "no formal education" as reference) decreased with increasing education in the overall population and those from non-slum areas, with generally suggestive lower odds among those from the slum areas; OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.16, 1.25). Lifestyle modification interventions targeting older people who are married and less educated should lessen the burden of hypertension in these slums.
高血压仍然是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，在非洲尤其如此，那里的负担高得不成比例。然而，对于生活在贫民窟的人群中与高血压相关的负担和因素知之甚少，特别是在像尼日利亚这样的撒哈拉以南非洲国家，非洲很大一部分人口居住在那里。本研究评估了与尼日利亚伊巴丹的总体样本以及非贫民窟地区的人群相比，居住在贫民窟的个体中的高血压负担和危险因素。在这项研究中，来自心血管疾病危险因素社区上门调查研究的3635名参与者提供了社会人口学和生活方式因素方面的信息。使用标准程序进行血压和人体测量。高血压被定义为以下情况之一：收缩压≥140mmHg且舒张压≥90mmHg、经认证的健康专业人员自我报告的高血压诊断以及目前正在使用抗高血压或降压药物。总体而言，整个样本中有903人（24.8%）患有高血压，但贫民窟的参与者中有29.4%（579人中的170人）以及非贫民窟地区的居民中有23.9%（3056人中的733人）患有高血压。一般来说，在总体人群和非贫民窟地区的人群中，高血压的几率（以“未接受正规教育”为参照）随着教育程度的提高而降低，贫民窟地区的人群中高血压几率通常较低；比值比：0.45；95%置信区间：0.16，1.25）。针对已婚且受教育程度较低的老年人的生活方式改变干预措施应能减轻这些贫民窟的高血压负担。
