Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Jos/ Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Jos/ Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2023 Aug 28;40(8):838-849.
Cardiovascular disease is prevalent in most low- and middle-income countries, and it is a major cause of disability and low quality of life. Stroke incidence is rising in tandem with the prevalence of its risk factors. Our research aims to identify stroke risk factors in a semi-urban slum in northcentral Nigeria.
This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2017 to determine the prevalence of stroke risk factors among adult (≥18 years) residents of the Kabong community, in Jos, north central Nigeria. A total of 196 participants were recruited by multistage sampling technique. An adapted WHO STEPS questionnaire was used for the study and blood samples were obtained for lipid biochemistry.
We studied 196 participants, of whom 118 (60.2%) were females. The participants' median age was 48 (29) years, with those ≥ 65 years accounting for 17.3%. Generalized and abdominal obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were all prevalent in 39.1%, 52.3%, 37.1% and 17.8% of the population respectively. A LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio of >2.5 was observed in 74.1% of participants, elevated total cholesterol in 52.3%, elevated LDL-cholesterol in 57.4%, low HDL-cholesterol in 68.5% and high triglycerides in 13.2%. Current smoking and alcohol consumption were found in 4.1% and 32% of respondents, respectively.
There is a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in this young population. Elevated blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, and illiteracy were all predictors of cardiovascular events. Health education, screening, and lifestyle changes are needed to reduce future cardiovascular disease burden.
心血管疾病在大多数中低收入国家普遍存在，是导致残疾和生活质量下降的主要原因。随着其危险因素的流行，中风的发病率也在上升。我们的研究旨在确定尼日利亚中北部一个半城市贫民窟的中风危险因素。
这是一项基于社区的横断面研究，于 2017 年 7 月在尼日利亚中北部乔斯市的卡邦社区进行，旨在确定成年（≥18 岁）居民中风危险因素的患病率。采用多阶段抽样技术招募了 196 名参与者。使用经过改编的世界卫生组织 STEPS 问卷进行研究，并采集血样进行血脂生化检查。
我们研究了 196 名参与者，其中 118 名（60.2%）为女性。参与者的中位数年龄为 48（29）岁，≥65 岁的占 17.3%。普遍和腹部肥胖、高血压和糖尿病在人群中的患病率分别为 39.1%、52.3%、37.1%和 17.8%。74.1%的参与者 LDL/HDL 胆固醇比值>2.5，52.3%的参与者总胆固醇升高，57.4%的参与者 LDL-胆固醇升高，68.5%的参与者 HDL-胆固醇降低，13.2%的参与者甘油三酯升高。在受访者中，分别有 4.1%和 32%的人目前吸烟和饮酒。
在这个年轻的人群中，心血管危险因素的患病率很高。高血压、高甘油三酯和文盲都是心血管事件的预测因素。需要进行健康教育、筛查和生活方式改变，以减轻未来的心血管疾病负担。
