Lopes Maíra de Cazeto, de Lucca Sergio Roberto
Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2025 Aug 25;23(1):e20251426. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2025-1426. eCollection 2025 Jan-Mar.
The literature highlights psychosocial factors at work as major causes of increased occupational stress. These factors are also associated with musculoskeletal disorders and mental and behavioral issues among workers. Objectives: To describe and analyze the relationships between management characteristics and psychosocial factors at work, as perceived by industrial workers, and their impact on increased work-related stress.
This is a case study with a qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews and participant observation during fieldwork.
The 5 companies studied predominantly employed a Taylorist production model. Rigid hierarchical management was observed, as well as encouragement of competitiveness among workers, poorly trained leadership, and insufficient investment in training and Occupational Health and Safety. Additionally, there was a disregard for psychosocial factors that can trigger stress and illness.
Our results demonstrated that, irrespective of the specific industrial activity, the primary psychosocial factors at work were overwork, lack of autonomy and control over tasks, lack of social support, lack of career planning and recognition, poor communication, and psychological abuse, including moral harassment. The findings suggest that organizational management should focus on actions to prevent psychosocial factors at work in order to promote workers' well-being.
文献强调工作中的社会心理因素是职业压力增加的主要原因。这些因素还与工人的肌肉骨骼疾病以及心理和行为问题有关。目标：描述和分析产业工人所感知的管理特征与工作中的社会心理因素之间的关系，以及它们对与工作相关的压力增加的影响。
这是一项采用定性方法的案例研究，在实地调查期间使用深入访谈和参与观察。
所研究的5家公司主要采用泰勒主义生产模式。观察到严格的等级管理，以及对工人之间竞争的鼓励、领导力培训不足、在培训以及职业健康与安全方面投资不足。此外，对可能引发压力和疾病的社会心理因素缺乏关注。
我们的结果表明，无论具体的工业活动如何，工作中的主要社会心理因素是过度劳累、对任务缺乏自主性和控制权、缺乏社会支持、缺乏职业规划和认可、沟通不畅以及心理虐待，包括道德骚扰。研究结果表明，组织管理应专注于采取行动预防工作中的社会心理因素，以促进工人的福祉。
