Sabino Bebiana, Gomes Margarida, Rodrigues Ana, Bento Pedro, Loureiro Nuno
Higher School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, 7800-000 Beja, Portugal.
SPRINT, Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, 7800-000 Beja, Portugal.
Sports (Basel). 2025 Jul 28;13(8):248. doi: 10.3390/sports13080248.
Sports performance indicators are mainly based on male athletes, highlighting the importance of portraying the female reality, particularly in rural contexts. This study aims to characterize sports performance indicators (body composition and physical fitness) of young Portuguese female athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 124 girls (13.66 ± 1.93 years) participating in federated team sports in a rural region of Portugal. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance, and physical fitness was evaluated through vertical jump tests (countermovement jump and squat jump), sprint (20 m), agility (-test), handgrip strength, and cardiovascular endurance (Yo-Yo IR1). Volleyball players are taller; football and basketball players are heavier; football and volleyball players have more fat-free mass than handball players ( < 0.05). Body mass index and % body fat did not differ between sports ( > 0.05). Volleyball players performed better in the countermovement jump (F = 4.146, = 0.008) and squat jump (F = 7.686, < 0.001) when compared to basketball, football, and handball players. No differences were observed in the speed or cardiorespiratory endurance tests ( > 0.05). The results revealed that, despite some specific differences between sports, most physical fitness indicators did not differ significantly between sports after controlling for age, menarche, and training experience. These findings suggest that shared contextual limitations in rural regions may take precedence over sport-specific adaptations in the early stages of sports participation.
运动表现指标主要基于男性运动员，凸显了描绘女性实际情况的重要性，尤其是在农村地区。本研究旨在描述葡萄牙年轻女性运动员的运动表现指标（身体成分和体能）。对葡萄牙农村地区124名参加联合会团队运动的女孩（13.66±1.93岁）进行了一项横断面研究。使用生物电阻抗评估身体成分，并通过垂直跳测试（反向移动跳和深蹲跳）、短跑（20米）、敏捷性测试、握力和心血管耐力（Yo-Yo IR1）评估体能。排球运动员更高；足球和篮球运动员更重；足球和排球运动员比手球运动员有更多的去脂体重（P<0.05）。不同运动项目之间的体重指数和体脂百分比没有差异（P>0.05）。与篮球、足球和手球运动员相比，排球运动员在反向移动跳（F=4.146，P=0.008）和深蹲跳（F=7.686，P<0.001）方面表现更好。在速度或心肺耐力测试中未观察到差异（P>0.05）。结果显示，尽管不同运动项目之间存在一些特定差异，但在控制年龄、初潮和训练经验后，大多数体能指标在不同运动项目之间没有显著差异。这些发现表明，农村地区共同的环境限制可能在运动参与的早期阶段比特定运动的适应性更为重要。
