Maksimović Tamara, Gădău Carmen, Antal Gabriela, Čoban Mihaela, Eșanu Oana, Atyim Elisabeta, Mioc Alexandra, Șoica Codruța
Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Research Center for Experimental Pharmacology and Drug Design (X-Pharm Design), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
Biomolecules. 2025 Aug 3;15(8):1116. doi: 10.3390/biom15081116.
Aging, a progressive and time-dependent decline in physiological functions, is driven by interconnected hallmarks, among which mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role. Mitochondria not only regulate energy production but also play key roles in other cellular processes, including ROS generation, apoptosis, and metabolic signaling-all of which decline with aging. Polyphenols are a diverse group of natural compounds found in fruits, vegetables, tea, and wine; they emerged as promising anti-aging agents due to their ability to modulate several hallmarks of aging, particularly mitochondrial dysfunction. This review explores how various polyphenolic classes influence mitochondrial function and mitigate aging-related decline. These natural compounds have been shown to reduce oxidative stress, increase energy production, and help maintain normal mitochondrial structure. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that polyphenols can delay signs of aging and improve physical and cognitive functions. Overall, polyphenols show great potential to promote healthy aging and even delay the decline in physiological functions by protecting and enhancing mitochondrial health.
衰老，即生理功能随时间推移而逐渐衰退，是由相互关联的特征驱动的，其中线粒体功能障碍起着核心作用。线粒体不仅调节能量产生，还在其他细胞过程中发挥关键作用，包括活性氧生成、细胞凋亡和代谢信号传导——所有这些都会随着衰老而下降。多酚是一类存在于水果、蔬菜、茶和葡萄酒中的天然化合物；由于它们能够调节衰老的几个特征，特别是线粒体功能障碍，因此成为有前景的抗衰老剂。本综述探讨了不同种类的多酚如何影响线粒体功能并减轻与衰老相关的衰退。这些天然化合物已被证明可以减少氧化应激、增加能量产生并有助于维持正常的线粒体结构。此外，体外和体内研究表明，多酚可以延缓衰老迹象并改善身体和认知功能。总体而言，多酚通过保护和增强线粒体健康，在促进健康衰老甚至延缓生理功能衰退方面显示出巨大潜力。
