Janković Vukašin, Pantelic Brana, Ponjavic Marijana, Marković Darka, Radetić Maja, Nikodinovic-Runic Jasmina, Ilic-Tomic Tatjana
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia.
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Vinča, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia.
Microorganisms. 2025 Aug 1;13(8):1800. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081800.
Given the environmental significance of the textile industry, especially the accumulation of nondegradable materials, there is extensive development of greener approaches to fabric waste management. Here, we investigated the biodegradation potential of three strains in model compost on polyamide (PA) and polyamide-elastane (PA-EA) as synthetic, and on cotton (CO) as natural textile materials. Weight change of the materials was followed, while Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze surface changes of the materials upon biodegradation. The bioluminescence-based toxicity test employing confirmed the ecological safety of the tested textiles. After 12 months, the increase of 10 and 16% weight loss, of PA-EA and PA, respectively, was observed in compost augmented with sp. BPS43. Additionally, a 14% increase in cotton degradation was recorded after 2 months in compost augmented with sp. NP10. Genome exploration of the strains was carried out for potential plastic-degrading enzymes. It highlighted BPS43 as the most versatile strain with specific amidases that show sequence identity to UMG-SP-1, UMG-SP-2, and UMG-SP-3 (polyurethane degrading enzymes identified from compost metagenome). Our results showcase the behavior of sp. BPS43 in the degradation of PA and PA-EA textiles in composting conditions, with enzymatic potential that could be further characterized and optimized for increased synthetic textile degradation.
鉴于纺织工业对环境的重要性，特别是不可降解材料的积累，对织物废料管理采用更环保方法的研究得到了广泛开展。在此，我们研究了三种菌株在模拟堆肥中对合成纺织材料聚酰胺（PA）和聚酰胺 - 氨纶（PA - EA）以及天然纺织材料棉（CO）的生物降解潜力。跟踪材料的重量变化，同时使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析生物降解后材料的表面变化。采用基于生物发光的毒性测试证实了受试纺织品的生态安全性。12个月后，在添加了sp. BPS43的堆肥中，观察到PA - EA和PA的重量损失分别增加了10%和16%。此外，在添加了sp. NP10的堆肥中，2个月后棉的降解率增加了14%。对这些菌株进行了基因组探索以寻找潜在的塑料降解酶。结果突出显示BPS43是最具通用性的菌株，其特定的酰胺酶与UMG - SP - 1、UMG - SP - 2和UMG - SP - 3（从堆肥宏基因组中鉴定出的聚氨酯降解酶）具有序列同一性。我们的研究结果展示了sp. BPS43在堆肥条件下对PA和PA - EA纺织品的降解行为，其酶促潜力可进一步表征和优化，以提高合成纺织品的降解率。
