Tonu Nasrin Sultana, Hayat Sajedul, Badhy Shukes Chandra, Ferdows Salima, Chowdhury Md Golam Azam, Nath Babu Kanti, Bhuiyan Md Safiul Alam, Uddin Muhammad Jasim, Gupta Suman Das, Sarker Subir
Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh.
Department of Livestock Services, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh.
Viruses. 2025 Aug 15;17(8):1126. doi: 10.3390/v17081126.
Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a transboundary pathogen threatening cattle health in South and Southeast Asia, presents growing challenges for disease control. This study combined serological, molecular, and genomic approaches to investigate LSDV in Barura Upazila, Bangladesh. Serological screening of 424 cattle using a commercial ELISA revealed a high seroprevalence of 55.5% (95% CI: 50.7-60.3), indicating widespread exposure. Although differences were observed by age and breed, no significant associations were found with seropositivity, suggesting broad regional circulation. Real-time PCR confirmed LSDV DNA in all 20 clinically infected animals, with consistent P32 gene amplification. Two samples with low Cq values underwent whole-genome sequencing. The complete genomes of LSDV-L2/2024 and LSDV-L3/2024 showed >99.6% identity with the reference strain LSDV-29, yet carried unique genomic features, including truncated or variant ORFs and immune-related gene differences. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA polymerase gene revealed distinct clustering: L2/2024 aligned with South Asian isolates, while L3/2024 grouped with strains from Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. These results highlight co-circulation of genetically diverse strains and possible cross-regional introductions. Overall, our findings underscore the evolutionary plasticity of LSDV and the critical need for ongoing genomic surveillance to guide targeted vaccine development and disease control strategies.
结节性皮肤病病毒（LSDV）是一种威胁南亚和东南亚牛群健康的跨界病原体，给疾病控制带来了越来越大的挑战。本研究结合血清学、分子生物学和基因组学方法，对孟加拉国巴鲁拉乌帕齐拉的LSDV进行了调查。使用商业ELISA对424头牛进行血清学筛查，结果显示血清阳性率高达55.5%（95%置信区间：50.7 - 60.3），表明该病毒广泛传播。尽管在年龄和品种上观察到了差异，但未发现与血清阳性有显著关联，这表明该病毒在该地区广泛传播。实时PCR证实了所有20只临床感染动物体内均存在LSDV DNA，且P32基因扩增结果一致。对两个Cq值较低的样本进行了全基因组测序。LSDV - L2/2024和LSDV - L3/2024的完整基因组与参考菌株LSDV - 29的同一性>99.6%，但具有独特的基因组特征，包括截短或变异的开放阅读框以及免疫相关基因差异。对DNA聚合酶基因的系统发育分析显示出明显的聚类：L2/2024与南亚分离株对齐，而L3/2024与来自非洲、中东和欧洲的菌株归为一组。这些结果突出了基因多样菌株的共同传播以及可能的跨区域引入。总体而言，我们的研究结果强调了LSDV的进化可塑性以及持续进行基因组监测以指导靶向疫苗开发和疾病控制策略的迫切需求。
