Kayano Mitsunori
Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2025 Aug 14;17:1652754. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1652754. eCollection 2025.
The aim of this study was to explore and discuss efficient and effective mammalian models for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, efficient AD models are characterized by a small body size, a short lifespan, and rapid development of the main pathology including amyloid plaque formation. Effective AD models are expected to exhibit not only the main pathology, but also co-pathology associated with other neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Lewy body dementia), systemic disturbances such as disrupted central-peripheral homeostasis, and sleep-circadian failures. This reflects recent findings indicating that AD is far more multifactorial than previously assumed. Although further investigation is required, non-human primates, particularly common marmosets (), and dogs () are candidates of promising and effective AD models. Tree shrews (), guinea pigs (), and evolutionary related species including degus () constitute an alternative group of AD models that remain underexplored but potentially efficient and effective. These mammalian models, together with hypothesis-driven mouse models and advances in data science technologies including omics and imaging analyses, may lead to breakthroughs in AD research, resulting in the development of effective prevention and treatment for AD.
本研究的目的是探索和讨论用于阿尔茨海默病（AD）的高效且有效的哺乳动物模型。在本研究中，高效的AD模型具有体型小、寿命短以及主要病理学特征（包括淀粉样斑块形成）快速发展等特点。有效的AD模型不仅预期要呈现主要病理学特征，还要展现与其他神经退行性疾病相关的共病理学特征（例如路易体痴呆）、诸如中枢 - 外周稳态破坏等全身性功能紊乱以及睡眠 - 昼夜节律失调。这反映了最近的研究结果，表明AD远比之前所认为的更为具有多因素性。尽管还需要进一步研究，但非人灵长类动物，特别是普通狨猴（）和狗（）是有前景且有效的AD模型的候选者。树鼩（）、豚鼠（）以及包括八齿鼠（）在内的进化相关物种构成了另一组AD模型，它们仍未得到充分探索，但可能高效且有效。这些哺乳动物模型，连同基于假设的小鼠模型以及包括组学和成像分析在内的数据科学技术的进展，可能会在AD研究中带来突破，从而推动AD有效预防和治疗方法的开发。
