267份中国春小麦地方品种种质资源中抗条锈性鉴定及抗病基因的分子检测
Identification of resistance to stripe rust in 267 Chinese spring wheat landraces germplasm and molecular detection of disease resistance genes.
作者信息
Huang Miaomiao, Zhang Yuqing, Hou Wanwei, Jin Ping, Huang Liang
机构信息
Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, China.
National Crop Germplasm Resources Duplicate, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, China.
出版信息
Biochem Biophys Rep. 2025 Aug 17;43:102206. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102206. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Stripe rust ( f. sp. ) poses a major threat to Chinese wheat production. Assessing resistance levels and gene distribution in spring wheat landraces is critical for breeding durable resistant cultivars. This study evaluated 267 landraces from eight provinces for seedling resistance against dominant races CYR32/CYR34 and adult-plant resistance (APR) across five Qinghai natural disease nurseries during 2023-2024. At the seedling stage, 7.5 % (20 accessions; IT 0-6) and 12.4 % (33; IT 0-6) exhibited resistance to CYR32 and CYR34, respectively, with 2.99 % (8 accessions) conferring dual resistance. APR trials identified2.25 % (6 landraces) showed stable resistance, including Banjiemang with complete immunity (IT 0). Molecular analyses revealed prevalent genes, (38.6 %,103/267), (29.6 %,79/267), (20.9 %, 56/267) and multi-gene combinations 60 accessions (22.5 %) with 2 genes; 33 (12.4 %) with ≥3 genes. Notably, 97 accessions (36.3 %) lacked known genes, suggesting novel resistance mechanisms. The 6 combination emerged as a promising APR source. This study provides germplasm and genetic insights for pyramiding strategies to enhance stripe rust resistance.
条锈病（条形柄锈菌小麦专化型）对中国小麦生产构成重大威胁。评估春小麦地方品种的抗性水平和基因分布对于培育持久抗性品种至关重要。本研究在2023 - 2024年期间，对来自八个省份的267个地方品种进行了苗期对优势小种CYR32/CYR34的抗性以及在青海五个自然病害圃中的成株抗性（APR）评估。在苗期，分别有7.5%（20份材料；感染型0 - 6）和12.4%（33份；感染型0 - 6）对CYR32和CYR34表现出抗性，其中2.99%（8份材料）具有双重抗性。成株抗性试验确定2.25%（6个地方品种）表现出稳定抗性，包括完全免疫（感染型0）的半截芒。分子分析揭示了普遍存在的基因，（38.6%，103/267），（29.6%，79/267），（20.9%，56/267）以及60份材料（22.5%）具有2个基因的多基因组合；33份（12.4%）具有≥3个基因。值得注意的是，97份材料（36.3%）缺乏已知基因，表明存在新的抗性机制。6组合成为一个有前景的成株抗性来源。本研究为增强条锈病抗性的聚合策略提供了种质资源和遗传见解。
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