Yadav Shailendra, Prajapati Harish Chandra, Sonkar Sankatha P, Nigam Rama Shankar, Chandravanshi Rishikesh, Gupta Chitrasen
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, AKS University, Satna, MP, India.
Centre for Green Chemistry & Sustainability, AKS University, Satna, MP, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Aug 15;16:1568094. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1568094. eCollection 2025.
Natural dyes have a rich historical significance, rooted in traditional practices that utilize plant materials, minerals, and organic substances to produce vibrant pigments. However, their use declined with the advent of synthetic dyes in the 19th century due to challenges in scalability, cost, and color consistency. Recent advancements in sustainability and modern technology have reignited interest in natural dyes, offering innovative solutions to overcome historical limitations. This review highlights traditional and contemporary extraction techniques, including solid-phase micro extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized-liquid extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction. Additionally, cutting-edge approaches such as grinding-assisted microwave irradiation and enzymatic extraction methods are examined for their ability to enhance yield, efficiency, and environmental sustainability. These modern techniques enable the utilization of unconventional sources, including agricultural waste and invasive species, thereby promoting sustainable dye.
天然染料具有丰富的历史意义，其根源在于利用植物材料、矿物质和有机物质来生产鲜艳色素的传统做法。然而，由于在可扩展性、成本和颜色一致性方面存在挑战，它们的使用在19世纪随着合成染料的出现而减少。可持续性和现代技术的最新进展重新点燃了人们对天然染料的兴趣，提供了克服历史局限性的创新解决方案。本综述重点介绍了传统和当代提取技术，包括固相微萃取、超临界流体萃取、加压液体萃取和微波辅助萃取。此外，还研究了诸如研磨辅助微波辐射和酶提取方法等前沿方法提高产量、效率和环境可持续性的能力。这些现代技术能够利用包括农业废弃物和入侵物种在内的非常规来源，从而促进可持续染料的发展。
