Zhang Wenying, Zhang Xiaotong, Liu Tingting, Song Fengjing, Chen Chengyu, Jiang Linlin, Wang Chao, Xie Xiaomin, Du Hang, Fan Lin, Han Xu, Sun Yiming, Li Li, Tysklind Mats, Luo Bin, Wang Xianliang
China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Sep 15;303:118983. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118983. Epub 2025 Sep 3.
Phthalate esters (PAEs) existed in household environment globally, and household airborne dust PAEs (HD-PAEs) have garnered significant attention due to their endocrine-like toxicity. In on-site study investigating PAE contamination from 60 households across three Chinese cities, we analyzed 43 dust samples for specific PAE components and conducted comprehensive total DNA demethylation potential (TDP) toxicity assays. Ten congeners were detected across all cities (130.26-3683.66 μg/g), with Harbin showing the highest median ∑10PAEs concentration (1970.71 μg/g). Decoration, living habits and housing characteristics, collectively influenced PAE levels, with DEHP and DCHP being the dominant congeners. Correlation and factor analyses identified four primary sources: (1) plastic products and personal care products (DEP, DPP, and DEHP: 36.74 %), (2) adhesive products (DMEP and DHXP: 15.06 %), (3) flooring materials and personal care products (DNOP and DBP: 12.55 %), and (4) packing materials and synthetic leather (BBP: 11.40 %). While non-carcinogenic risks were acceptable (HI < 1), DEHP posed a potential carcinogenic risk (LCR > 10⁻⁶). The TDP assay revealed a 79.07 % positive demethylation, and extensive modeling demonstrated a significant positive correlation between DBP and TDP (p < 0.1). This study provides valuable insights into HD-PAEs pollution and its health risk mechanisms, offering critical evidence for future risk assessments.
邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）存在于全球家庭环境中，而家庭空气中灰尘中的PAEs（HD-PAEs）因其类似内分泌的毒性而备受关注。在一项针对中国三个城市60户家庭PAE污染情况的现场研究中，我们分析了43份灰尘样本中的特定PAE成分，并进行了全面的总DNA去甲基化潜力（TDP）毒性测定。在所有城市中均检测到了10种同系物（130.26 - 3683.66μg/g），其中哈尔滨的∑10PAEs浓度中位数最高（1970.71μg/g）。装修、生活习惯和住房特征共同影响了PAE水平，其中邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二环己酯（DCHP）是主要的同系物。相关性和因子分析确定了四个主要来源：（1）塑料制品和个人护理产品（邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二丙酯（DPP）和DEHP：36.74%），（2）胶粘剂产品（邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMEP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-甲氧基乙基）酯（DHXP）：15.06%），（3）地板材料和个人护理产品（邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯（DNOP）和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）：12.55%），以及（4）包装材料和合成皮革（邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（BBP）：11.40%）。虽然非致癌风险可以接受（危害商数（HI）<1），但DEHP存在潜在致癌风险（终生癌症风险（LCR）>10⁻⁶）。TDP测定显示阳性去甲基化率为79.07%，广泛的建模表明DBP与TDP之间存在显著正相关（p<0.1）。本研究为HD-PAEs污染及其健康风险机制提供了有价值的见解，为未来的风险评估提供了关键证据。
