Popover Jesse L, Wallace Spencer P, Feldman Jeremie, Chastain George, Kalathia Chris, Imam Adnan, Almasri Majd, Toomey Paul G
Florida Surgical Specialists, Bradenton, Florida, USA. (Drs. Popover, Wallace, Feldman, Chastain, Kalathia, Imam, Almasri, and Toomey).
American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten. (Dr. Feldman).
JSLS. 2025 Jul-Sep;29(3). doi: 10.4293/JSLS.2025.00041. Epub 2025 Sep 3.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a turning point in medical advancement. Despite the burgeoning research in this field, there exists a general lack of overview of where AI is being most utilized. This study reviews and describes techniques and trends of AI in the major medical specialties.
A literature search was conducted through PubMed in 2024 using two different search methods. Twenty-nine medical specialties were included, including all 24 major medical board specialties and five additional subspecialties.
There were 143,578 publications involving AI identified with most these (87%) published in the last ten years (124,206) and 52% (74,239) in the last two years. Radiology and Pathology publications were the largest cohorts, 18% (25,319) and 17% (23,828), respectively. Plastic Surgery (1,053), Hepatobiliary (662), and Allergy/Immunology (449) were the least published. There has been a 10,859% growth rate in annual publications across all medical specialties, with Ophthalmology and Preventative Medicine being the fastest-growing areas of research despite Radiology and Pathology being the most researched to date.
This review underscores AI's profound impact on medical research, highlighting its significant growth and utilization across various specialties. AI's influence is most pronounced in Radiology and Pathology, but the substantial increase in publications in Ophthalmology and Preventative Medicine suggests new emerging areas of focus. The ongoing expansion of AI in medicine presents a promising horizon for addressing complex healthcare challenges, fostering a deeper and more comprehensive integration across all specialties.
人工智能是医学进步的一个转折点。尽管该领域的研究蓬勃发展，但对于人工智能在哪些方面得到最广泛应用，普遍缺乏全面的概述。本研究回顾并描述了人工智能在主要医学专科中的技术和趋势。
2024年通过PubMed使用两种不同的检索方法进行文献检索。纳入了29个医学专科，包括所有24个主要医学委员会专科以及另外5个亚专科。
共识别出143,578篇涉及人工智能的出版物，其中大部分（87%）发表于过去十年（124,206篇），52%（74,239篇）发表于过去两年。放射学和病理学的出版物数量最多，分别占18%（25,319篇）和17%（23,828篇）。整形外科学（1,053篇）、肝胆外科学（662篇）和过敏/免疫学（449篇）的出版物数量最少。所有医学专科的年度出版物增长率为10,859%，尽管放射学和病理学是目前研究最多的领域，但眼科学和预防医学是研究增长最快的领域。
本综述强调了人工智能对医学研究的深远影响，突出了其在各个专科中的显著增长和应用。人工智能的影响在放射学和病理学中最为明显，但眼科学和预防医学出版物的大幅增加表明出现了新的重点研究领域。人工智能在医学领域的持续扩展为应对复杂的医疗挑战带来了充满希望的前景，促进了所有专科之间更深入、更全面的整合。
