Zhang Xu, Guo Weixun, Guan Bing, Yang Chunping
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Department of Neurology, Xuyi People's Hospital, Huai'an, China.
Front Neurol. 2025 Aug 22;16:1542386. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1542386. eCollection 2025.
Systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) are known to predict the severity and prognosis of various diseases. However, their role in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is unclear.
This study collected 100 patients with SSNHL and 100 healthy volunteers. According to the severity, type, prognosis and SII and PNI levels of SSNHL, we used the Spearman linear correlation method to conduct correlation analysis. At the same time, we constructed logistic regression analysis to explore the predictive value of PNI and SII on the prognosis of SSNHL patients, and used ROC curves to verify the prognostic model. Cohen's d values were calculated for select significantly different parameters to assess effect sizes.
Compared with control group, PNI levels were significantly lowered in SSNHL patients, while SII levels were significantly higher. And a significant correlation was observed between the two variables ( = -0.437, < 0.001). At the same time, compared with patients with mild and moderate SSNHL, patients with severe SSNHL had the lowest PNI levels and the highest SII levels. PNI showed a negative correlation with hearing loss severity once the proper categorization of severity was taken into account, whereas SII was positively correlated with severity. After adjusting for potential confounders, both high SII and low PNI were independently associated with worse prognosis in SSNHL. Effect size analysis (Cohen's d) revealed moderate practical significance in the differences in PNI levels between groups.
In patients with SSNHL, PNI levels were significantly lowered, while SII levels were significantly higher. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between these two indicators. A negative correlation between PNI and SSNHL severity and a positive correlation between SII and severity were observed. These findings suggest that PNI and SII could serve as potential biomarkers for predicting SSNHL prognosis.
已知全身免疫炎症指数（SII）和预后营养指数（PNI）可预测各种疾病的严重程度和预后。然而，它们在突发性感音神经性听力损失（SSNHL）中的作用尚不清楚。
本研究收集了100例SSNHL患者和100名健康志愿者。根据SSNHL的严重程度、类型、预后以及SII和PNI水平，我们采用Spearman线性相关方法进行相关性分析。同时，构建逻辑回归分析以探讨PNI和SII对SSNHL患者预后的预测价值，并使用ROC曲线验证预后模型。计算选定的显著不同参数的Cohen's d值以评估效应大小。
与对照组相比，SSNHL患者的PNI水平显著降低，而SII水平显著升高。并且观察到这两个变量之间存在显著相关性（r = -0.437，P < 0.001）。同时，与轻度和中度SSNHL患者相比，重度SSNHL患者的PNI水平最低，SII水平最高。一旦考虑到严重程度的适当分类，PNI与听力损失严重程度呈负相关，而SII与严重程度呈正相关。在调整潜在混杂因素后，高SII和低PNI均与SSNHL的较差预后独立相关。效应大小分析（Cohen's d）显示组间PNI水平差异具有中等实际意义。
在SSNHL患者中，PNI水平显著降低，而SII水平显著升高。此外，观察到这两个指标之间存在负相关。观察到PNI与SSNHL严重程度呈负相关，SII与严重程度呈正相关。这些发现表明，PNI和SII可作为预测SSNHL预后的潜在生物标志物。
