de Bruin Angela, Wang Junlan, Daryanani Romy, Coumel Marion
Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Mem Cognit. 2025 Sep 9. doi: 10.3758/s13421-025-01787-w.
Language control has been argued to adapt dynamically to the language context bilinguals are communicating in (Green & Abutalebi, 2013). Previous research has suggested that the demands of the task and current context itself can influence a bilingual's language behaviour and potentially also their language control. Here, we examined how the preceding context, specifically the switching patterns of another bilingual in that context, can influence a bilingual's own language control during production. Across two experiments (Experiment 1: Mandarin-English bilinguals; Experiment 2: English-French bilinguals), participants completed a cued switching task preceded by exposure to another bilingual who was switching frequently or rarely. In Experiment 1, switching costs during production were reduced after exposure to a high-switching bilingual. In Experiment 2, switching costs were also reduced compared to exposure to a low-switching bilingual, but only after hearing within-sentence switches (and not after hearing between-sentence switches). This suggests language control can dynamically adapt to the immediately preceding language context, potentially by the linguistic context updating the speaker's expectations and triggering adaptations in their language control in a top-down manner. However, such adaptations do appear to depend on the nature of the preceding switching context.
有人认为语言控制会根据双语者交流时的语言环境动态调整（格林和阿布塔莱比，2013年）。先前的研究表明，任务要求和当前语境本身会影响双语者的语言行为，也可能影响他们的语言控制。在此，我们研究了先前的语境，特别是该语境中另一位双语者的转换模式，如何在语言产出过程中影响双语者自身的语言控制。在两项实验中（实验1：汉英双语者；实验2：英法双语者），参与者在接触频繁或很少转换语言的另一位双语者之后，完成了一项提示转换任务。在实验1中，接触高频率转换语言的双语者后，语言产出过程中的转换成本降低。在实验2中，与接触低频率转换语言的双语者相比，转换成本也降低了，但仅在听到句内转换之后（听到句间转换后未降低）。这表明语言控制可以动态适应紧接的先前语言语境，可能是通过语言语境更新说话者的预期，并以自上而下的方式触发其语言控制的调整。然而，这种调整似乎确实取决于先前转换语境的性质。
