Blomberg Agneta, Hensing Gunnel, Bertilsson Monica, Staland-Nyman Carin, Ståhl Christian, Björk Lisa
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 453, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden.
School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Sep 9;25(1):3046. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24015-1.
Mental health problems are common in the working-age population. More knowledge is needed on how to support work participation and reduce sickness absence. The objective of the study was to estimate the distribution of mental well-being and work capacity in women and men in a working population and assess the association between mental well-being and work capacity, while adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and working positions.
Cross-sectional data were collected through an online survey distributed to individuals who were currently working. The study population consisted of 8462 employees (58% women). The WHO-5 Mental Well-being Index (scale ranging from 0 to 100 with higher scores representing a better mental well-being) and the Capacity to Work Instrument (C2WI) (scale ranging from 14 to 56 with higher scores representing a more strained work capacity) were used. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were used to assess the associations between self-perceived mental well-being and capacity to work, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and working positions.
Low self-perceived mental well-being and strained work capacity were more common among women, particularly younger aged (18-34 years). Poor health status was associated with strained work capacity in both men and women. Regression analyses showed that lower self-perceived mental well-being was significantly associated with strained work capacity. Among women, the fully adjusted model showed a regression coefficient (B) of - 0.253 (95% CI: -0.264 to - 0.242); among men, it was - 0.225 (95% CI: -0.237 to - 0.213).
This study, focusing on a currently working population, identified disparities in self-perceived mental well-being and work capacity across gender and age groups. These findings underscore the importance of early workplace interventions to support mental well-being and work capacity in these sub-groups. Notably, the association between the WHO-5 and C2WI may be partly attributable to item-level overlap, as certain C2WI items may capture symptoms related to mental health. This potential overlap should be considered when interpreting the findings.
心理健康问题在劳动年龄人口中很常见。在如何支持工作参与和减少病假方面，我们还需要更多知识。本研究的目的是估计在职人群中男性和女性的心理健康状况及工作能力分布，并在调整社会人口学特征、健康状况和工作岗位的同时，评估心理健康与工作能力之间的关联。
通过在线调查收集横断面数据，调查对象为目前在职的人员。研究人群包括8462名员工（58%为女性）。使用了世界卫生组织-5心理健康指数（范围从0到100，分数越高表示心理健康状况越好）和工作能力量表（C2WI）（范围从14到56，分数越高表示工作能力越紧张）。单变量和多变量线性回归用于评估自我感知的心理健康与工作能力之间的关联，并对社会人口学特征、健康状况和工作岗位进行调整。
自我感知的心理健康水平较低和工作能力紧张在女性中更为常见，尤其是年龄较小的女性（18 - 34岁）。健康状况不佳与男性和女性的工作能力紧张均有关联。回归分析表明，自我感知的心理健康水平较低与工作能力紧张显著相关。在女性中，完全调整后的模型显示回归系数（B）为-0.253（95%置信区间：-0.264至-0.242）；在男性中，为-0.225（95%置信区间：-0.237至-0.213）。
本研究聚焦于当前在职人群，发现了不同性别和年龄组在自我感知的心理健康和工作能力方面存在差异。这些发现强调了早期职场干预对于支持这些亚组人群心理健康和工作能力的重要性。值得注意的是，世界卫生组织-5指数与C2WI之间的关联可能部分归因于项目层面的重叠，因为某些C2WI项目可能涵盖了与心理健康相关的症状。在解释研究结果时应考虑到这种潜在的重叠。
