Zhang Xue, Xin Gongming, Wu Na, Pan Fei, Liu Jiurong, Zeng Zhihui
Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
Research (Wash D C). 2025 Sep 8;8:0876. doi: 10.34133/research.0876. eCollection 2025.
With the rapid advancement of communication technologies, issues of electromagnetic pollution and electromagnetic compatibility have become increasingly severe, heightening the demand for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have flourished in this field owing to their chemical tunability, high porosity, tailored topological structures, and functionality. MOF-derived composites exhibit diverse loss mechanisms and heterogeneous structures, achieving lightweight, broadband, and highly efficient absorption. Notably, recent developments in conductive MOFs (cMOFs) have positioned pristine MOFs as promising intrinsic absorbers. Accordingly, this review comprehensively classifies and summarizes recent progresses in MOF derivatives and cMOF-based absorbers, with a focus on 3 critical aspects: design strategies (compositional and structural engineering), absorption performance (reflection loss and bandwidth), and loss mechanisms (dielectric and magnetic loss). Finally, perspectives on future development directions for MOF-based absorption materials are proposed. This review provides methodological guidelines for constructing high-performance MOF-based absorption materials in the future, while highlighting persisting challenges in their development. Ultimately, it charts a course toward designing and fabricating lightweight, broadband, and high-efficiency MOF absorption materials with structural-functional integration.
随着通信技术的飞速发展，电磁污染和电磁兼容性问题日益严峻，对高性能电磁波吸收材料的需求不断增加。金属有机框架材料（MOFs）因其化学可调控性、高孔隙率、定制的拓扑结构和功能性，在该领域蓬勃发展。MOF衍生复合材料展现出多样的损耗机制和异质结构，实现了轻质、宽带和高效吸收。值得注意的是，导电MOFs（cMOFs）的最新进展使原始MOFs成为有前景的本征吸收体。因此，本综述全面分类和总结了MOF衍生物和基于cMOF的吸收体的最新进展，重点关注三个关键方面：设计策略（组成和结构工程）、吸收性能（反射损耗和带宽）以及损耗机制（介电和磁损耗）。最后，对基于MOF的吸收材料未来的发展方向提出了展望。本综述为未来构建高性能基于MOF的吸收材料提供了方法指南，同时突出了其发展中仍然存在的挑战。最终，它为设计和制造具有结构功能一体化的轻质、宽带和高效MOF吸收材料指明了方向。
