Ma Zixu, Liang Chunxia, Wang Haoyue, Liu Jieshan, Zhou Xiangyan, Zhou Wenqi
College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Maize Research Center of Gansu Province, Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Sep 2;26(17):8530. doi: 10.3390/ijms26178530.
This paper examines various aspects of maize plant height. Firstly, it emphasizes that maize is a significant food and forage crop with considerable research significance, and that its plant height is influenced by multiple factors, including biotic elements such as genes and plant hormones, as well as abiotic factors such as soil, water, and climate. Secondly, the paper explores the complex relationship between maize plant height and yield, noting that moderate plant height can improve photosynthetic efficiency, reduce lodging risk, and enhance yield, although it may also affect kernel quality. Additionally, the paper reviews the application of modern biotechnological methods in maize plant height research, such as genome-wide linkage analysis, gene editing, transgenic technology, and epigenetic studies, which aid in elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying plant height. Finally, it outlines future research directions for improving maize plant height and yield, highlighting key challenges that require urgent attention, such as the advancement of gene editing techniques, the integration of multiple biotechnologies, and strategies to address climate change, with the ultimate goal of achieving precision breeding for high-yielding, stress-resistant, and broadly adaptable maize varieties.
本文研究了玉米株高的各个方面。首先，强调玉米是一种具有重要研究意义的重要粮食和饲料作物，其株高受多种因素影响，包括基因和植物激素等生物因素，以及土壤、水和气候等非生物因素。其次，探讨了玉米株高与产量之间的复杂关系，指出适度的株高可以提高光合效率、降低倒伏风险并提高产量，尽管这也可能影响籽粒品质。此外，回顾了现代生物技术方法在玉米株高研究中的应用，如全基因组连锁分析、基因编辑、转基因技术和表观遗传学研究，这些有助于阐明株高的遗传机制。最后，概述了未来提高玉米株高和产量的研究方向，强调了需要迫切关注的关键挑战，如基因编辑技术的进步、多种生物技术的整合以及应对气候变化的策略，最终目标是实现高产、抗逆和广泛适应的玉米品种的精准育种。
